猪厩肥和秸秆还田对紫色土有机碳组分及稳定性的影响

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明晰有机肥和秸秆还田调控紫色土有机碳组分的效应,揭示有机肥和秸秆还田增强土壤固碳的机制。【方法】以川中石灰性紫色土为对象,采用田间试验和室内分析研究不同施肥处理对土壤有机碳组分及稳定性的影响,施肥处理包括不施肥（CK）、NPK化肥配施（NPK）、单施猪厩肥（OM）、猪厩肥配施NPK化肥（OMNPK）和秸秆还田配施NPK化肥（CRNPK）。【结果】各施肥处理下土壤4个有机碳组分的含量表现为高氧化活性有机碳组分（F₁）>稳定有机碳组分（F₄）、中氧化活性有机碳组分（F₂）>低氧化有机碳组分（F₃）,F₁组分为氧化有机碳的优势组分,占总有机碳（TOC）含量的60.18%~74.08%。与CK相比,NPK、OMNPK仅分别显著增加F₃和F₁组分含量,F₁、F₂、F₃和F₄组分在OM处理下分别显著提高51.87%、112.50%、440.00%和102.17%,在CRNPK处理下F₁~F₄组分分别显著提高79.80%、103.13%、300.00%和94.57%。稳定性较高的氧化有机碳组分（F₃+F₄）占TOC比例在不同施肥处理间的增幅大小顺序为OM>NPK、CRNPK>OMNPK;OM的有机碳的活性系数较CK显著降低8.46%,稳定系数比CK显著提高55.75%。土壤有机碳各组分与TOC呈极显著正相关,F₁还与氮、磷存在极显著正相关。【结论】秸秆还田配施氮磷钾化肥能在显著提升高活性有机碳含量的同时增加稳定性有机碳的占比,是一种能协调有机碳矿化与固持,增加有机碳固存的优选农田管理措施。高氧化活性有机碳对土壤质量变化最为敏感,更适合作为指示环境条件变化对土壤质量影响的诊断指标。

关键词: 施肥方式, 紫色土, 氧化有机碳组分, 活性系数, 稳定系数

Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the effects of manure and corn residue on organic carbon fractions of purple soil, and to reveal the mechanism of manure and corn residue to enhance soil carbon sequestration. 【Method】 Taking the calcareous purple soil in central Sichuan as the object, field experiments and laboratory analysis were used to study the effects of different fertilization treatment on the fractions and stability of soil organic carbon. The fertilization regimes include no fertilization (CK) and compound application of NPK (NPK), single application of pig manure (OM), pig manure combined with synthetic NPK fertilizer (OMNPK), and corn residue combined with synthetic NPK fertilizer (CRNPK). 【Result】 The content of four soil oxidized organic carbon fractions under each treatment ranked in the order of high oxidative active organic carbon (F₁)> Stable organic carbon (F₄) & medium oxidized active organic carbon (F₂)>low oxidized active organic carbon (F₃);among which F₁ is the dominant fraction of oxidized organic carbon, accounting for 60.18%-74.08% of the total organic carbon (TOC) content. Compared with CK, NPK and OMNPK only significantly increased the content of F₃ and F₁ respectively;F₁, F₂, F₃ and F₄ were significantly increased by 51.87%, 112.50%, 440.00%, and 102.17% in OM, and 79.80%, 103.13%, 300.00%, and 94.57% in CRNPK, respectively;The order of the increase in the ratio of more stable oxidized organic carbon fractions (F₃+F₄) to TOC between different fertilization treatments is OM>NPK, CRNPK>OMNPK; The activity coefficient of soil organic carbon in OM was significantly reduced by 8.46%, while the stability coefficient of soil organic carbon was significantly increased by 55.75%. Each soil oxidized organic carbon have a very significant positive correlation with TOC, and F₁ also has a very significant positive correlation with nitrogen and phosphorus. 【Conclusion】 Corn residue combined with synthetic NPK fertilizer can significantly increased not only the content of high activity organic carbon, but also the proportion of stable organic carbon in TOC; it is an optimal farmland management measure that can coordinate organic carbon mineralization and retention, and increase the capacity of organic carbon sequestration. F₁ is the most sensitive to the change of soil quality, and more suitable to be used as a diagnostic indicator to indicate the effect of the environmental conditions on soil quality.

Key words: fertilization regimes, purple soil, oxidized organic carbon fractions, activity coefficient, stability coefficient

中图分类号:

S158

邓明位, 张思佳, 朱波, 李梦, 蒲玉琳. 猪厩肥和秸秆还田对紫色土有机碳组分及稳定性的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2021, 39(2): 205-211.

DENG Mingwei, ZHANG Sijia, ZHU Bo, LI Meng, PU Yulin. Effects of Pig Manure and Corn Residue on the Organic Carbon Fractions and Stability of Purple Soil[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2021, 39(2): 205-211.

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