不同改良剂对植烟土壤微生物特征和酶活性的影响

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】为探讨改良剂对植烟土壤质量影响的持效性。【方法】利用小区试验分析了水稻秸秆炭（J）、果壳炭（G）和石灰（L）添加1年后,对植烟土壤微生物数量、微生物量碳和微生物量氮、土壤呼吸以及酶活性的影响。【结果】石灰添加对土壤pH提升显著,各处理比对照增加了0.96~1.89个单位,两种生物炭对土壤pH无显著提升。生物炭添加可显著增加土壤有机质含量。J3处理细菌数量比CK增加了73.32%,真菌数量在G3处理达到最大,比CK增加了155.92%,L1处理放线菌数量比CK增加了189.89%。3种改良剂均能显著提高微生物量碳和微生物量氮,增强土壤呼吸,L添加后土壤呼吸强度比对照提高了133.50%~316.24%。L3处理的土壤蛋白酶活性增加量最大,增幅为71.15%,土壤蔗糖酶活性随改良剂添加量的增加而显著升高,L2处理土壤酸性磷酸酶活性最大,比对照提高了43.33%了。相关性分析表明,土壤pH与土壤呼吸和土壤酶活性显著正相关,有机质含量与土壤微生物量碳、微生物量氮和真菌数量均呈极显著正相关,土壤蔗糖酶活性和真菌数量呈显著正相关。【结论】石灰对土壤pH、呼吸强度和酶活性的提升作用优于两种生物炭。

关键词: 植烟土壤, 生物炭, 石灰, 土壤微生物, 土壤酶活性

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to study the effects of amendments on tobacco planting soil quality.【Method】 A one-year field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of rice straw-derived biochar (J), fruit shell-derived biochar (G) and lime (L) on soil microorganism number, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen content, soil respiration and enzyme activities. 【Result】 Application of lime significantly increased soil pH by 0.96-1.89 units. Biochar had no significant effect on soil pH, while significantly increased soil organic matter content. The number of bacteria significantly increased by 73.32% under J3 treatment. The number of fungi significantly increased by 155.92% under G3 treatment. In addition, the number of actinomycetes increased by 189.89% under L1 treatment. Soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen content, soil respiration and enzyme activities were significantly improved under biochar and lime treatments. Application of lime significantly increased soil respiration by 133.50%-316.24%. Compared with the control, soil protease activity significantly increased by 71.15% under L3 treatment. Soil invertase activity improved significantly with the increasing amount of three amendments. Soil acid phosphatase activity significantly improved by 43.33% under L2 treatment. Correlation analysis indicated that soil pH was significantly and positively correlated with soil respiration and enzymes activities. Soil organic matter content was significantly positively correlated with soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen content and the number of fungi. In addition, correlation analysis showed significantly positive correlation between soil invertase activity and the number of fungi. 【Conclusion】 Lime was more effective than biochar to improve soil pH, soil respiration and enzyme activities.

Key words: tobacco planting soil, biochar, lime, soil microorganism, soil enzyme activity

中图分类号:

S156.2

刘若琪, 刘薇, 袁利, 曹阳, 杨燕, 徐小逊. 不同改良剂对植烟土壤微生物特征和酶活性的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(05): 520-527.

LIU Ruoqi, LIU Wei, YUAN Li, CAO Yang, YANG Yan, XU Xiaoxun. Effects of Different Amendments on Soil Microbial Characteristics and Enzyme Activities in Tobacco Planting Soil[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(05): 520-527.

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