蝇蛆转化厨余垃圾残渣对Zn污染土壤的修复作用研究

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.01.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探讨蝇蛆转化厨余残渣对Zn污染土壤的修复和养分的提升作用,为蝇蛆转化厨余残渣的资源化利用提供参考。【方法】以厨余垃圾养殖蝇蛆后的厨余残渣为实验材料,与不同生物质材料混合发酵形成残渣（REA）、残渣+玉米秸秆（RSA）、残渣+茶叶渣生物炭（RBA）3种处理,分别以1%和2%比例添加到Zn污染土壤中,测定了有效态Zn和土壤养分指标。【结果】3种处理均明显增加了土壤pH值,其中RBA在2%添加浓度下土壤pH提升最大,比对照高0.58。各处理材料均明显降低了土壤有效态锌（DTPA-Zn）含量,且添加量和培养时间对DTPA-Zn含量影响显著（P<0.05）。其中RBA在2%添加浓度下土壤DTPA-Zn含量在培养4周后最低。相关分析表明土壤pH和DTPA-Zn含量呈显著负相关。蝇蛆转化厨余残渣单独施加能明显增加土壤有机质和全氮含量,而与玉米秸秆、茶叶渣生物炭配施后土壤速效养分含量增加明显。【结论】蝇蛆转化厨余垃圾的厨余残渣在与茶叶渣生物炭搭配发酵后施用具有较长和更明显的金属钝化作用,且能更加有效地增加土壤速效养分含量。

关键词: 厨余垃圾, 残渣, 生物炭, Zn污染土壤, 养分

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to explore the effect of food waste converting residue by fly maggot on immobilization and nutrients improvement of Zn Contaminated soil, and provide the reference for the resource utilization of food waste converting residue. 【Method】 The food waste converting residue was selected as the experimental material, and mixed with different biomass materials to form three treatments：residue (REA), residue add with corn straw (RSA), and residue add with spent tea leaves biochar (RBA). The bioavailable Zn and nutrient indexes of soil were determined after application with 1% and 2% of those materials in Zn contaminated soil, respectively. 【Result】 All three treatments significantly increased soil pH. RBA with 2% application had the highest pH value, which was higher than control with 0.58. The DTPA-Zn content of soil decreased significantly after application of different experimental material, and there was significant effects of incubation time and application dose on DTPA-Zn content (P<0.05). RBA with 2% application had the lowest soil DTPA-Zn content after application four weeks. There was the significant negative correlation between pH and DTPA-Zn content of soil. Application of residue alone increased soil SOM and total N content, however, application of residue with biochar and straw largely increased the available nutrient content. 【Conclusion】 The application of food waste converting residue has a longer and more significant metal passivation effect using by fly maggot with biochar, and could increase the content of available nutrients effectively.

Key words: food waste, residue, biochar, Zn contaminated soil, nutrient

中图分类号:

许俊波, 杨雁翎, 杨岸林, 程章, 杨占彪. 蝇蛆转化厨余垃圾残渣对Zn污染土壤的修复作用研究[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(01): 92-97.

XU Junbo, YANG Yanling, YANG Anlin, CHENG Zhang, YANG Zhanbiao. Study on Immobilization of Zn-Contaminated Soil with Food Waste Converting Residue by Fly Maggot[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(01): 92-97.

参考文献

[1] 王腾飞, 谭长银, 曹雪莹, 等. 长期施肥对土壤重金属积累和有效性的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2017, 36(2): 257-263.
[2] 陈凤, 董泽琴, 王程程, 等. 锌冶炼区耕地土壤和农作物重金属污染状况及风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2017(10): 376-385.
[3] 林蕾, 陈世宝. 土壤中锌的形态转化、影响因素及有效性研究进展[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(2): 221-229.
[4] 张华纬, 甄华杨, 岳士忠, 等. 水稻秸秆生物炭对污染土壤中镉生物有效性的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2017, 26(6): 1068-1074.
[5] SASSMANN S, WEIDINGER M, ADLASSNIG W, et al.Zinc and copper uptake in Physcomitrella patens: Limitations and effects on growth and morphology[J]. Environmental & Experimental Bo-tany, 2015, 118: 12-20.
[6] 刘晶晶, 杨兴, 陆扣萍, 等. 生物质炭对土壤重金属形态转化及其有效性的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2015, 35(11): 3679-3687.
[7] LIU G M, ZHANG X C, WANG X P, et al.Soil enzymes as indicators of saline soil fertility under various soil amendments[J]. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2017, 237: 274-279.
[8] 江承亮, 腾昌运, 李敬, 等. 蝇蛆生物转化餐厨垃圾的效能评估[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2017, 23(6): 1159-1165.
[9] CHEN Y, GUO R, LI Y C, et al.A degradation model for high kitchen waste content municipal solid waste[J]. Waste Management, 2016, 58: 376-385.
[10] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
[11] 喻阳华, 王璐, 钟欣平, 等. 贵州喀斯特山区不同海拔花椒人工林土壤质量评价[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(21): 7850-7858.
[12] 丁琮, 陈志良, 李核, 等. 长株潭地区农业土壤重金属全量与有效态含量的相关分析[J]. 生态环境学报, 2012, 21(12): 2002-2006.
[13] 黎秋君, 黎大荣, 王英辉, 等. 3种有机物料对土壤理化性质和重金属有效态的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2013, 27(6): 182-185.
[14] BEESLEY L, EDUARDO M J, GOMEZ-EYLES J L, et al. A review of biochars' potential role in the remediation, revegetation and restoration of contaminated soils[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(12): 3269-3282.
[15] LU K P, YANG X, GIELEN G, et al.Effect of bamboo and rice straw biochars on the mobility and redistribution of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in contaminated soil[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2017, 186(2): 285-292.
[16] YANG Z B, LIU L X, LV Y F, et al.Metal availability, soil nutrient, and enzyme activity in response to application of organic amendments in Cd-contaminated soil[J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2018, 25(3): 2425-2435.
[17] MOHAMED I, ZHANG G S, LI Z G, et al.Ecological restoration of an acidic Cd contaminated soil using bamboo biochar application[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2015, 84: 67-76.
[18] 张志剑, 刘萌, 朱军. 蚯蚓堆肥及蝇蛆生物转化技术在有机废弃物处理应用中的研究进展[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(5): 1679-1686.
[19] ABUJABHAH I S, BOUND S A, DOYLE R, et al.Effects of biochar and compost amendments on soil physico-chemical properties and the total community within a temperate agricultural soil[J]. Applied Soil Ecology, 2016, 98: 243-253.
[20] 李明, 李忠佩, 刘明, 等. 不同秸秆生物炭对红壤性水稻土养分及微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(7): 1361-1369.
[21] 许超, 林晓滨, 吴启堂, 等. 淹水条件下生物炭对污染土壤重金属有效性及养分含量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2012, 26(6): 194-198.