水分梯度下川西高寒湿地土壤酶活性变化特征

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2019.04.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究水分梯度下湿地土壤4种酶活性动态特征,为全球变化背景下川西高寒湿地土壤响应特征及科学管理提供理论支撑。【方法】在若尔盖湿地按水分梯度连续变化选取滞水湿地（WT）、湿地中露出水面的泥炭丘（PH）和湿地干旱化后形成的高寒草甸（DG） 3类不同的水分生境进行土壤采样,采用微孔板荧光法分析了不同生境下高寒湿地土壤纤维二糖水解酶（CBH）、β-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）、β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖酶（NAG）和磷酸单酯酶（PME）等4种酶活性的特征。【结果】水分变化对高寒湿地土壤酶活性影响显著,亚层土壤（10~20 cm）酶活性均低于表层土壤（0~10 cm）;在湿地干旱化过程中,不同土壤的酶活性表现出一定的差异性,表层土壤中NAG活性在湿地土壤最高,CBH、BG、PME活性均在干旱化草甸土中最高,亚层土壤NAG活性在干旱化草甸土壤最高,CBH、BG、PME活性在泥炭丘中活性最高;在WT、PH和DG表层土壤平均C/N/P比分别为2∶1∶3、3∶1∶10和2∶1∶3,在PH和DG的亚层土壤中分别为3∶0.7∶10和3∶1∶10。【结论】土壤有关C、N、P循环的酶CBH、BG、NAG和PME的活性在湿地干旱化进程中升高,土壤氮有效性退化成为湿地干旱化的显著性特征。

关键词: 高寒湿地, 土壤酶活性, 纤维二糖水解酶（CBH）, β-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）, 土壤水分梯度

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the dynamic characteristics of four enzyme activities in wetland soil un-der moisture gradient, which provide theoretical support for soil response characteristics and scientific management of alpine wetland in western Sichuan under the background of global change. 【Method】 The stagnant water wetland (WT), the peat hills (PH) exposed in the wetland, and the alpine meadow (DG) formed after the aridification of the wetland in Zoige Wetland along continuous change of water ecosystem were selected, using microplate fluorimetry, characteristics of four enzymes activity including soil cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-glucosidase (BG), β-N-acetylglucosaminase (NAG) and phosphomonoesterase (PME) were analyzed. 【Result】 Moisture change had significant effects on soil enzyme activities in alpine wetlands, the sub-layer soil (10-20 cm) enzymes activity were lower than the surface soil (0-10 cm); in the process of aridification of wetlands, the enzyme activity of different soils showed certain differences, the NAG activity in the topsoil was the highest in the wetland soil, and the activity of CBH, BG and PME were the highest in the arid meadow soil, the sub-layer soil NAG activity was highest in arid meadows, and the activity of CBH, BG and PME were highest in peat mounds. The average C/N/P ratio in the WT, PH, and DG top soil were 2∶1∶3, 3∶1∶10, and 2∶1∶3, respectively, and in the sub-layer soil of PH and DG were 3∶0.7∶10 and 3∶1∶10, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The activity of CBH, BG, NAG and PME in the soil related to C, N and P cycles are elevated during the wetland aridification process, degradation of soil nitrogen availability became a significant feature of wetland aridification.

Key words: alpine wetland, soil enzyme activity, cellobiohydrolase(CBH), β-glucosidase(BG), soil moisture

中图分类号:

S154.2

刘杨, 王小沁, 沈丹杰, 孙辉, 唐文英. 水分梯度下川西高寒湿地土壤酶活性变化特征[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2019, 37(04): 517-524.

LIU Yang, WANG Xiaoqin, SHEN Danjie, SUN Hui, TANG Wenying. Soil Enzymatic Activities Dynamics along a Moisture Gradient in Alpine Wetland in Western Sichuan Province[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2019, 37(04): 517-524.

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