烤烟油菜轮作与施肥对植烟土壤磷素含量及有效性的影响

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2019.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究烤烟油菜轮作与施肥对土壤磷素含量及有效性的影响,以期为优化种植制度,提高土壤磷素有效性提供科学依据。【方法】通过大田试验,采用双因素裂区设计,测定各处理下烤烟不同生长时期土壤全磷、有效磷及酸性磷酸酶活性。【结果】相比烤烟连作,烤烟油菜轮作能显著提高土壤中全磷、有效磷含量及酸性磷酸酶活性,以重蓉油1号（A2）效果最显著。此外,单施化肥（NPK）、有机肥化肥配施（NPKM）处理土壤全磷含量在整个烤烟季均显著高于不施肥（CK）,有效磷含量均表现为NPKM > NPK > CK。而土壤酸性磷酸酶活性在烤烟生长前期表现为NPKM、NPK处理显著高于CK,但到成熟期时NPK较CK的差异减弱,未达到显著水平。相关性分析表明,酸性磷酸酶与有效磷和磷素活化系数（PAC）呈极显著正相关关系。【结论】重蓉油1号油菜与烤烟轮作和有机肥化肥配施时土壤磷素含量和有效性较高,是当地较优的种植模式。

关键词: 烤烟油菜轮作, 施肥, 磷素有效性, 酸性磷酸酶

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tobacco-rape rotation and fertilization on phosphorus content and availability of tobacco soil, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing cropping system and increasing soil phosphorus availability. 【Method】 Through field experiments, the two-factor split-zone test design was used to determine soil total phosphorus,Olsen-P, and acid phosphatase activity in different growth stages of flue-cured tobacco. 【Result】 Compared with flue-cured tobacco continuous cropping, the tobacco-rape rotation can significantly increased soil total phosphorus, Olsen-P and acid phosphatase activity, and the effect of chongrongyou 1 (A2) was particularly significant. In addition,the total phosphorus content of inorganic fertilizer application (NPK) and organic and inorganic fertilizers application (NPKM) treatment was significantly higher than that of non-fertilizer (CK) in the whole flue-cured tobacco season. The Olsen-P content followed an order of NPKM>NPK>CK. The activity of acid phosphatase of NPKM and NPK treatments was significantly higher than that of CK in the early stage of flue-cured tobacco. However, no significant difference between NPK and CK was observed in the mature period. Correlation analysis showed that acid phosphatase had a significant positive correlation with Olsen-P and phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC). 【Conclusion】 The soil phosphorus content and availability were relatively high when Chongrongyou 1 rape combined with flue-cured tobacco rotation and organic and inorganic fertilizers application,which is a good local planting system.

Key words: tobacco-rape rotation, fertilization, phosphorus availability, acid phosphatase

中图分类号:

S158.3

苟小梅, 曾兴鑫, 张毅, 蔡艳, 李涛, 顾勇, 陈韵松, 张潇. 烤烟油菜轮作与施肥对植烟土壤磷素含量及有效性的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2019, 37(04): 452-458.

GOU Xiaomei, ZENG Xingxin, ZHANG Yi, CAI Yan, LI Tao, GU Yong, CHEN Yunsong, ZHANG Xiao. Effects of Tobacco-Rape Rotation and Fertilization on Phosphorus Content and Availability of Tobacco Soil[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2019, 37(04): 452-458.

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