四川农业大学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (04): 442-451.doi: 10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2019.04.003

• • 上一篇    下一篇

带宽、行比对鲜食玉米间作鲜食大豆群体产量效益的影响

罗万宇, 唐庄峻, 任永福, 杨文钰, 王小春*   

  1. 四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室,成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-31 出版日期:2019-08-28 发布日期:2021-01-31
  • 作者简介:罗万宇,硕士研究生。*责任作者:王小春,博士,教授,主要从事作物高产优质高效栽培理论与技术研究,E-mail:xchwang@sicau.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    成都市农业技术成果应用示范项目(2015-NY01-00100-NC); 国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300209); 四川省育种攻关项目(2016NYZ0051-2)

Effects of Bandwidth and Row Ratio on Population Yield and Benefit of Fresh Maize Intercropping with Fresh Soybean

LUO Wanyu, TANG Zhuangjun, REN Yongfu, YANG Wenyu, WANG Xiaochun*   

  1. College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest,Ministry of Agriculture/Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611130,China
  • Received:2018-10-31 Online:2019-08-28 Published:2021-01-31

摘要: 【目的】为了明确与成都平原地区生态条件和生产水平相适应的鲜食玉米间作鲜食大豆田间配置方式。【方法】采用鲜食玉米间作鲜食大豆带状复合种植模式,设置3个带宽,分别为200 cm(A1)、220 cm(A2)、240 cm(A3)和两个玉豆行比2∶2(B1)、2∶3(B2),2个鲜食玉米和鲜食大豆单作对照处理,共8个处理,研究带宽行比对鲜食玉米-鲜食大豆间作系统中叶面积指数、干物质积累及群体产量效益的影响。【结果】随带宽和玉豆行比增加,鲜食玉米叶面积指数逐渐降低,光合产物的合成受到抑制,植株干物质积累量减少,花后干物质同化量及茎秆转运率和贡献率亦呈逐渐降低的变化趋势,从而导致鲜食玉米产量降低,A1处理玉米产量较A2和A3处理高16.97%和53.11%,B1处理下产量较B2高10.72%。而鲜食大豆表现则相反,A3处理大豆产量较A1和A2处理高31.10%和13.67%,B2处理下产量较B1高12.73%,协调两作物的群体产量在A1B1处理下最高,达15 482.74 kg/hm2。鲜食玉米间作鲜食大豆群体土地当量比(LER)均大于1,最大值出现在A1B2处理为1.31,且最大经济效益也出现在A1B2处理。【结论】在成都平原气候条件下,带宽为200 cm,玉豆行比为2∶3的田间配置下有利于鲜食玉米间作鲜食大豆系统中两作物产量潜力的发挥和群体经济效益的提高。

关键词: 鲜食玉米, 鲜食大豆, 间作, 带宽行比

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to clarify the field arrangement mode of fresh maize intercropping with fresh soybean in Chengdu Plain. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of different bandwidth and row ratio in fresh maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system on leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, population yield and economic benefits. The treatments included three bandwidths such as 200 cm (A1), 220 cm (A2) and 240 cm (A3) while two type of row ratio of maize to soybean that is 2∶2 (B1) and 2∶3 (B2), two control treatments of sole cropping fresh maize and soybean.【Result】 The synthesis of photosynthates was inhibited which resulted in decreased leaf area index and dry matter accumulation per plant of fresh maize. Increased bandwidth and row ratio of maize to soybean decreased the dry matter assimilation after flowering stage. Similarly the translocation and contribution rate of the stalk also found to be decreased which finally decreased the yield of fresh maize. Compared to A2 and A3 treatments, the A1 produced 16.97% and 53.11% higher grain yield, while the yield of B1 was 10.72% higher than that of B2 treatment. Moreover the yield of fresh soybean was 31.10% and 13.67% higher in A3 treatment than in A1 and A2 treatment and 12.73% higher in B2 treatment than in B1. The population yield of the two crops was the highest under A1B1 treatment that is 15 482.74 kg/hm2. The maximum LER (1.31) was observed in treatment A1B2 in fresh maize-soybean intercropping. The maximum economic benefit was also found in A1B2 treatment. 【Conclusion】 Under the agro climatic conditions of Chengdu plain, the bandwidth 200 cm and row ratio of maize to soybean 2∶3 enhanced the grain yield and economic benefit of population in fresh maize-soybean intercropping system.

Key words: fresh maize, fresh soybean, intercropping, bandwidth and row ratio

中图分类号: 

  • S311