关键词: 小麦[49EJ, 61DA], 多小穗, 异源基因, 染色体工程, 育种[49DD]

Abstract: Some superhigh yielding wheat strains with big ears were created by inducing the alien genes from rye into wheat by using chromosomal engineering as a tool. These strains have multispikelets with more number of grains per ear, higher grain weight, more ears per plant, better disease resistance and quality as well as other good agronomic characters. The mighty advances were made during selecting the large ear, superhigh yielding new varieties. First, the alien genes controlling multi-spikelets from rye were introduced into common wheat; Second, the genetic linkage between the multi-spikelets and very late maturity was partly overcome. Third, the relation between population and plant or ear on productivity was harmonized; Fourth, a key problem of combining high yield with good quality was solved. Furthermore, these new strains will be identified by the various experiments and the enlarging cultivated example. It was believed that some of the new commercial wheat varieties with disease resistance, good quality and superhigh yield from big ear could be breed successfully.

Key words: WHEAT, MULTI-SPIKELETS, ALIEN GENE, CHROMOSOMAL EMGINEERING, BREEDING