珍稀植物距瓣尾囊草(Uroplysa rockii)生境特征

四川农业大学学报

珍稀植物距瓣尾囊草(Uroplysa rockii)生境特征

罗承德¹,刘彬²

1. 四川农业大学
2.

收稿日期:2011-09-08 修回日期:2011-11-14 出版日期:2011-12-25 发布日期:2011-12-26
通讯作者: 罗承德

Habitat Properties of rare plant Uroplysa rockii

Received:2011-09-08 Revised:2011-11-14 Online:2011-12-25 Published:2011-12-26
Contact: Luo chengde

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

四川省江油市涪江中上游的珍稀植物距瓣尾囊草(Urophysa rochkii)，大部分因其自然生境地将蓄水淹没正濒临灭绝。研究了地质地貌及水文，岩石风化物与根部残积物的矿物成分和养分等距瓣尾囊草独特生境特征，旨在为距瓣尾囊草的抢救与保护提供科学依据。结果表明，裂隙网络、糜棱岩化、偏酸性的孔隙水可减轻距瓣尾囊草岩隙着生的阻力；其生长期与降雨不同步，但着生岩壁的上层滞水和饱气带以及向下倾斜的岩层利于水外溢，可为其提供在富水性贫瘠的石灰岩上生长所必需的水分；孔隙水及残积母质中的钙含量(400-500 g.kg-1)显著高于其它养分，并与对照地的钙含量(85.47 g.kg-1)差异显著。可见，生长基质中较高的钙含量及持续的钙源可能是距瓣尾囊草迁地保护或活体培养过程中需重视的关键科学问题。要解释距瓣尾囊草喜钙性，还需进一步研究距瓣尾囊草适生的钙浓度阈值及其吸收、运转和利用的生理机制。

关键词: 距瓣尾囊草, 生境特征, 泥盆纪石灰岩, 钙依赖性

Abstract:

Urophysa rochkii only distributes in Guanwu montain nature reserve that located in the upper reaches of Fujiang river. Unfortunately, most of Urophysa rochkii individuals are on the verge of extinction due to their natural habitat submerged by Wudu reservoir. In this case, we jointly researched the geological and hydrological properties of Urophysa rockii habitat, and the aim is offering scientific basis to the activities of Urophysa rochkii rescue & protection. Mine, nutrition of weathering residue in four plots that Urophysa rockii distributed was measured. Local temperature and precipitation was jointly analyzed with physiological cycle of Urophysa rockii. The results indicated that mylonitized rock zone and terrene cracks and occurrence guarantee well-drained in the life of Urophysa rockii. And, low pH of groundwater and fissure water decreased the survivorship resistance. Furthermore, the results also showed that the growth periods of Urophysa rockii are synchro with temperature and got out of step with precipitation. However, fissure water and aeration zone in natural habitat guarantee the essential water in vigorous growth period of Urophysa rockii. In interstitial water (i.e. fissure water and groundwater) and weathering residue, only is the content of calcium(400-500 g.kg-1) significant higher than other nutritions and the content of calcium in comparison plot(85.47 g.kg-1). It can clearly be seen that the relative higher content of calcium and continuous resource of calcium in growth substrate might be the key issues in Urophysa rockii artificial cultivation. Moreover, it’s worth noting that the content of calcium is not highest in the biggist Urophysa rockii community. In order to explain calcium-dependent of Urophysa rockii, it is essential to research the calcium threshold of Urophysa rockii growth and the mechanism of calcium absorbtion, calcium transportation and calcium using of Urophysa rockii.

Key words: Urophysa rockii, habitat, devonian limestone, calcium-dependent

罗承德刘彬. 珍稀植物距瓣尾囊草(Uroplysa rockii)生境特征[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2011, 29(04): 488-494.