精料补充料补饲对藏羔羊生长发育及瘤胃菌群组成的影响

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】旨在研究精料补充料补饲对藏羔羊生长发育和瘤胃菌群组成的影响。【方法】试验选择健康藏羔羊200只(15.35 kg±0.78 kg),随机分为2组。对照组为放牧饲喂,试验组在放牧基础上,第1周每只羔羊初始补饲0.2 kg/d精料补充料,此后每周每只羔羊增加50 g 精料补充料,试验期为 120 d,每月测定其生长发育指标。试验结束后,从试验组和对照组中各随机选择5只进行屠宰并收集瘤胃内容物样品,采用 IIIumina 测序技术分析瘤胃细菌组成。【结果】①试验期内试验组的平均日增重(ADG)极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),在第60天,试验组的体斜长和胸围显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且在第120天,试验组的体斜长显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。②2组藏羔羊瘤胃细菌在门水平上组成相似,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)以及疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)为优势菌门;属水平上,对照组的瘤胃球菌科_UCG-014的丰度显著高试验组(P<0.05)。③Alpha多样性指数中,对照组的Chao1和Ace指数显著高于试验组(P<0.05),说明对照组的瘤胃细菌丰富度优于试验组。④瘤胃细菌功能预测发现,2组藏羔羊瘤胃细菌主要富集于碳水化合物代谢(carbohydrate metabolism)、信号转导(signal transduction)、氨基酸代谢(amino acid metabolism)。【结论】断奶后藏羔羊精料补充料能够显著提高其平均日增重,尽管精料补充料补饲会造成藏羔羊瘤胃细菌的丰富度的降低,但对瘤胃门水平优势菌群的相对丰度并无显著影响。

关键词: 瘤胃, 细菌, 生长发育, 补饲, 藏羊

Abstract: 【Objective】 The present study aimed to explore the effects of concentrates supplements on the growth performance and rumen bacteria composition of Tibetan lambs.【Method】 Totals of 220 Tibetan lambs (15.35 kg±0.78 kg) were divided into two groups randomly.The individuals in control group (CK) were only pastured.Each individual in the test group (T) was initial supplemented with 0.2 kg/d concentrate supplement in the first week,and then each individual was added with 50 g concentrate supplement every week.The experimental period was 120 days,and the growth and development indexes of individual were measured every month.Five individuals were randomly selected from the T group and CK group to slaughter and collect rumen contents,respectively.Then the composition of rumen bacteria were analyzed via Illumina sequencing technique.【Result】 The results showed that,①The average daily gain of the T group was significantly higher than that of the CK group (P<0.05).The body length of the T group on the 60th days was significantly higher than that of the CK group (P<0.05),and the chest circumference of the T group on the 120th day was significantly higher than that of the CK group (P<0.05).②The composition of rumen bacteria was similar between T group and CK group at the phylum level.The Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were predominate bacteria at the phylum,and the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 in CK group was significantly higher than that in T group at genus level.③ Among alpha diversity indexes,the Chao1 and Ace index of CK group were significantly higher than those of T group (P<0.05),suggesting the richness of rumen bacteria in CK group was superior to T group.④The function prediction found that the rumen bacteria was mainly enrichment in carbohydrate metabolism,signal transduction and amino acid metabolism.【Conclusion】 In summary,concentrate supplement significantly improved the average daily gain of weaned Tibetan lambs.Although concentrate supplementation reduced the abundance of rumen bacteria,it had no significant effect on the relative abundance of dominant bacteria at Phylum level in the rumen.

Key words: rumen, microorganism, growth and development, supplementary feeding, Tibetan lamb

中图分类号:

S826

周力, 马博妍, 高占红, 姚有莉, 王志有, 桂林生. 精料补充料补饲对藏羔羊生长发育及瘤胃菌群组成的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2021, 39(1): 101-107.

ZHOU Li, Ma Boyan, GAO Zhanhong, YAO Youli, WANG Zhiyou, GUI Linsheng. Effects of Concentrate Supplement on Growth Performance and Rumen Bacteria Composition of Tibetan Lambs[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2021, 39(1): 101-107.

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