四川农业大学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05): 596-608.doi: 10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.05.013

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彭州市不同土地利用类型的土壤动物群落特征

贺倩1, 周英2, 刘星科2, 李上官2, 王文娟2, 李西1, 孙凌霞1, 黄玉梅1,*   

  1. 1.四川农业大学风景园林学院,成都 61130;
    2.彭州市规划和自然资源局,四川 彭州 611900
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-06 出版日期:2020-10-28 发布日期:2021-02-05
  • 作者简介:贺倩,本科在读。*责任作者:黄玉梅,博士,副教授,主要从事城市生态学研究。E-mail:hyumei@sicau.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0031); 彭州市生物多样性调查(5101822019000263)

Community Characteristics of Soil Animals under Different Land Use Types in Pengzhou City

HE Qian1, ZHOU Ying2, LIU Xingke2, LI Shangguan2, WANG Wenjuan2, LI Xi1, SUN Lingxia1, HUANG Yumei1,*   

  1. 1. College of Landscape Architecture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 61130,China;
    2. Pengzhou Planning and Natural Resources Bureau,Pengzhou 61190,Sichuan,China
  • Received:2020-07-06 Online:2020-10-28 Published:2021-02-05

摘要: 【目的】了解不同土地利用类型下土壤动物群落差异,分析土壤动物群落结构特征与多样性,为今后土地利用方式的改良提供理论依据。【方法】采用手拣法和干湿漏斗法,在四川省彭州市,对城市绿地、农业用地、林地、撂荒地、湿地的土壤动物进行收集与分离鉴定;统计出不同生境下土壤动物类群数,并计算土壤动物个体密度及各类指数,对土壤动物进行多样性分析;分别将大型、干生、湿生土壤动物与环境因子进行典范对应分析(Canonical correspondence analysis,CCA);对不同生境间的土壤动物群落组成进行聚类分析。【结果】共捕获土壤动物3825只,126个类群,隶属33目125科。不同生境的土壤动物平均密度大小排序为:林地>撂荒地>城市绿地>农业用地>湿地。类群数从大到小为林地(93)>撂荒地(65)>城市绿地(47)=湿地(47)>农业用地(46)。其中,土壤动物平均密度和类群数都具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H'、Simpson优势度指数C以及Margalef丰富度指数D都表现为不同生境间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。CCA分析表明,不同类型的土壤动物对环境因子的响应不同,其中速效钾和含水率对土壤动物影响较大。聚类分析结果显示城市绿地与湿地、农业用地的土壤动物群落组成及结构较为相似。【结论】不同土地利用方式会对土壤动物群落组成及结构产生影响,适当增加地表植被种类及数量、保留凋落物、减少剧烈的土壤扰动,有助于土壤动物群落的恢复以及土壤生态系统的稳定。

关键词: 土地利用类型, 土壤动物, 群落结构, 环境因子, 彭州市

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was designed to understand the differences of soil animal community under different land use types, and analyze the structural characteristics and diversity of soil animal community, and provide theoretical basis for the improvement of land use in the future. 【Method】 the soil animals were collected, separated and identified among urban green space, agricultural land, woodland, abandoned land and wetland by hand-sort, Tullgren, and Baermann methods in Pengzhou, Sichuan. The group number of soil animals among different habitats was counted, and the individual density and various indices were calculated to analyze the diversity of soil animals. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the relationship between soil fauna and environmental factors. The community composition of soil animals among different habitats was analyzed by hierarchical clustering analysis. 【Result】 A total of 3825 soil animals and 126 groups were captured, belonging to 33 orders and 125 families. The order of average density of soil animals among different habitats was: woodland > abandoned land > urban green space > agricultural land > wetland. The order of group number of soil animals among different habitats was: woodland (93) > abandoned land (65) > urban green space (47) = wetland (47) > agricultural land (46). There were significant differences of average density and group number of soil animals among different habitats (P<0.05). Shannon Wiener, Simpson and Margalef indices all indicated significant differences among different habitats (P<0.05). Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that different types of soil animals had different responses to environmental factors, in which available potassium and water content had greater impacts on soil animals. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the composition and structure of soil animal community in urban green space was similar to that in wetland and agricultural land. 【Conclusion】 The results show that different land use patterns will affect the composition and structure of soil animal community. It is helpful for the restoration of soil animal community and the stability of soil ecosystem to increase the species and quantity of surface vegetation, retain litter and reduce severe soil disturbance.

Key words: land use type, soil animal, community structure, environmental factors, Pengzhou

中图分类号: 

  • S154.1