关键词: 野生动物, 种属鉴定, 12S rRNA, Cyt b, 基因标记

Abstract: Abstract: Objective To Identify samples of different wildlife species, and compare the difference of mtDNA 12S rRNA and mtDNA Cyt b gene markers in wildlife species identification. Method The isolation of DNA from wildlife samples was carried out. Partial mitochondrion DNA 12S rRNA and Cyt b genes were amplified and sequenced. The original animal identifications of different wildlife samples were determined by BLAST search of the sequences in GenBank. To confirm the results of BLAST, genetic distance and phylogenetic tree were analyzed by MEGA 7.0. Result The genome DNA was successfully extracted from wildlife samples and partial mitochondrion DNA 12S rRNA and Cyt b genes were amplified. In the identification of Ursus thibetanus, Pantholops hodgsonii, Capricornis milneedwardsii, and Manis javanica sample species, both 12S rRNA gene marker and Cyt b gene marker can identify the species of wild animals successfully. However, in the identification of Capra ibex, unlike Cyt b gene marker, 12S rRNA gene marker cannot distinguish Capra ibex from Capra hircus gene sequences. Phylogenetic trees constructed based on 12S rRNA and Cyt b sequences were consistent with BLAST analysis. Conclusion The identification ability of single locus marker for some species is poor, thus it is recommended to identify wild animal species by selecting more than two gene marker loci.

Key words: wild animal, species identification, 12S rRNA, Cyt b, gene marker