温室条件下水花生对富营养化水体浮游生物和水质的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究温室条件下水花生对巢湖西半湖富营养化水体浮游生物群落组成及水质的影响。【方法】将备用水花生植株移入盛有湖水的塑料桶中，每3天取一次样，监测水体浮游植物和浮游动物生物量、水体总氮、总磷、氨氮和硝态氮含量及pH值动态变化。另外，实验进行至24天时，监测水体中化感物质、微囊藻毒素及溶解氧的含量。【结果】水花生对蓝藻生长及微囊藻毒素合成抑制作用显著，增加了藻类的物种多样性，同时增大浮游动物密度，引起浮游植物及浮游动物的种群演替。此外，水花生能够有效去除水体氮、磷营养盐和降低水体pH值。【结论】水花生对于富营养化水体和蓝藻的防治具有较好的效果，使水生态系统生物物种组成更加完善，能够起到一定的生态修复的作用。

关键词: 水花生, 富营养化, 浮游植物, 浮游动物, 生物量, 营养盐

Abstract: 【Objective】 A long-term experiment was set up to study the effects of Alternanthera Philoxeroides on phytoplankton community composition and water quality, and the findings will provide scientific basis for better biological control of aquatic environment.【Method】Theexperiment was carried out in Chaohu Experimental Base. Alternanthera Philoxeroides was transferred into the plastic bucket filled with lake water, and water samples were taken every 3 days, and the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton, the contents of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in the water body, and the pH value were monitored. In addition, the contents of allelochemicals, microcystins and dissolved oxygen in water were monitored on the 24th day.【Result】Experimental results showed that Alternanthera Philoxeroides could strongly inhibit the growth of cyanobacteria and the synthesis of microcystins, increase algal diversity and improve the density of zooplankton, and at the same time, Alternanthera Philoxeroides could cause populations succession of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Moreover, Alternanthera Philoxeroides could effectively remove the nutrition of nitrogen and phosphorus and decrease pH value. 【Conclusion】Alternanthera Philoxeroides showed great influences on the prevention and treatment of eutrophic water and cyanobacteria, made the composition of biological species in aquatic ecosystem more scientific, and can play a certain role in ecological restoration.

Key words: Alternanthera Philoxeroides, eutrophication, phytoplankton, zooplankton, biomass, nutrition salts

李印霞李敦海. 温室条件下水花生对富营养化水体浮游生物和水质的影响[J]. , 2017, 35(02): 260-265.

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