关键词: 退耕模式, 植被恢复, 水源涵养, 持水特性

Abstract: The water-holding capacity of soil and litter was studied by the soaking method in slope farmlands in Southern Sichuan of China. Five slope farmlands with different de-farming patterns were selected, including Neosinocalamus affinis plantation(NAP), Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis oldhami plantation(BDP), Alnus crenastogyne+Neosinocalamus affinis plantation(ANP), abandoned farmland(AFL), and CK. The results showed that, the soil natural water content, capillary water-holding capacity and field water-holding capacity were increased, and followed the order of NAP >BDP >ANP >AFL >CK after 5 years' de-farming. The litter stock, natural water content, maximum water-holding capacity, maximum interception and modified interception in the four de-farming patterns were also increased and followed the order of NAP >BDP >ANP >AFL. According to the regression, litter water-holding capacity and immerse time showed the relationship of Q=alnt+b, and the relationship is V=ktⁿ between the litter water absorption speed and immerse time. High water-holding capacity and rapid absorption speed were observed at the first 2 h during the process of litter water-holding. Therefore, the results suggested that the first 2 h during rainfall was important to litter water-holding, and the NAP could better enhance the eco-hydrological functions of soil and litter compared with other de-farming patterns.

Key words: de-farming patterns, vegetation restoration, water conversation, water holding characteristic