关键词: 山药, 根腐病, 腐皮镰孢菌, 生物学特性

Abstract: [Objective] The biological characteristics of Fusarium solani, the main pathogen of yam root rot of Yaan city, Sichuan province, were researched. [Method] Studied the effect of different temperature, pH, illumination, carbon source, nitrogen source, microelements and the lethal temperature of hypha and the conidiospore on the hypha, sporulation and conidiospore germination. [Results] The results indicated that the suitable temperature and pH for the pathogen hypha growth were from 10 to 40℃ and 4 to 10, respectively, from which the optimum was 30℃ and grew better in full illumination conditions. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources were sucrose and peptone respectively, different microelements resulted in different effects on the mycelia growth and spore germination. Mg²⁺ was conducive to spore germination, and Zn²⁺ inhibited the mycelia growth and spore germination. The most optimum temperature for conidia germination was 30℃ at full illumination conditions. The mycelial and conidium lethal temperature were 60℃ and treated about 10 minutes. [Conclusion] The pathogen is not sensitive to pH, and different microelements could inhibit or promote the growth of pathogen. The result of the biological characteristics can lay a theoretical foundation for further control of yam root rot.

Key words: yam, root rot, Fusarium solani, biological characteristics