四川农业大学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 371-378.doi: 10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.202202040

• 林学·园艺学 • 上一篇    下一篇

杉木2代和2.5代种子园遗传多样性评估

方月1, 杨汉波1, 吴华雪1, 雷洵1, 张小国2, 杨昌通2, 黄振3, 陈良华1, 朱鹏1,*   

  1. 1.长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室/长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室/华西雨屏区人工林生态系统研究长期科研基地/四川农业大学生态林业研究所,成都 611130;
    2.洪雅县国有林场,四川 洪雅 620360;
    3.四川省林业科学研究院,成都 610081
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-28 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-06-30
  • 通讯作者: *朱鹏,副研究员,主要从事林木遗传育种研究,E-mail: rocerzhu2008@126.com。
  • 作者简介:方月,硕士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0032); 四川省科技厅应用基础项目(2019YJ0416)

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cunninghamia lanceolata in the 2nd and 2.5th Generation Seed Orchard

FANG Yue1, YANG Hanbo1, WU Huaxue1, LEI Xun1, ZHANG Xiaoguo2, YANG Changtong2, HUANG Zhen3, CHEN Lianghua1, ZHU Peng1,*   

  1. 1. Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River/Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base/Institute of Ecology & Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. State-Owned Forestry Farm of Hongya, Hongya 620360, Sichuan, China;
    3. Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
  • Received:2022-02-28 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-06-30

摘要: 【目的】 掌握杉木2代和2.5代种子园的遗传背景信息,为杉木种子园的遗传管理和生产经营提供依据,同时为杉木3代种子园的营建提供遗传信息基础。【方法】 以洪雅县国有林场国家杉木良种基地杉木2代及2.5代种子园为对象,通过SSR分子标记技术对其遗传多样性及遗传结构进行分析。【结果】 ①杉木2代种子园平均等位基因数(10.1)、有效等位基因(1.71)和Shannon′s信息指数(1.213)数值要高于大多数杉木和其他针叶树种的种子园或育种资源的数值,表观杂合度(0.440)和期望杂合度(0.478)则低于这些种子园或育种资源的指标值,但单个位点的遗传多样性指标与该位点在其他研究中的表现相比并无明显差异;②2.5代种子园相比2代种子园虽然等位基因数量存在一定程度的减少,但其他遗传多样性指标没有出现明显的减少;③2代种子园各来源间遗传多样性有一定差异,来源间的遗传分化不明显,基因流(Nm)均大于1,基因交流频繁,变异来源主要存在于群体内(占99%)。110个无性系遗传聚类不明显,遗传背景较为一致。【结论】 洪雅国有林场杉木2代种子园具有较丰富的遗传多样性,2.5代种子园的遗传多样性没有明显的减少,可以较好地保障未来生产的种子质量和遗传增益。由于种子园母树无性系遗传背景较为一致,因此营建3代种子园过程中,应补充一些其他地理种源或杉木古树资源的优良基因材料,以增加种子园的遗传分化,提高种子园的遗传增益。

关键词: 杉木, 种子园, 遗传多样性, 遗传结构

Abstract: 【Objective】 Understanding the genetic background of the 2nd and 2.5th generation seed orchards of Cunninghamia lanceolata in Hongya Forest Farm to provide the basis for the production and genentical management of these seed orchards and for the construction of the 3rd generation seed orchards of C. lanceolata. 【Method】 In this study, 13 SSR molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the 2nd and 2.5th generation seed orchards of C. lanceolata in Hongya Forest Farm. 【Result】 ①The values of Na(10.1), Ne(4.71) and I(1.213) in this 2nd generation seed orchards were basically higher than most of the seed orchards or breeding resources of C. lanceolata and other coniferous species, while values of Ho(0.440) and He(0.478) were lower than those seed orchards or breeding resources. However, the index of genetic diversity of a single locus were similar to those in the studies with the same loci. ②Although the value of Na in the 2nd generation seed orchard was decreased somewhat than that in the 2.5th generation seed orchard, the other index of genetic diversity did not decrease significantly. ③ The genetic diversity among the sources were different somewhat, yet the genetic differentiation was not obvious. The values of gene flow were greater than 1(implying a frequent gene exchange among the sources), the genetic variation was mainly existed among the sources(accounting for 99%), and no obvious genetic clustering of all the 110 clones of the 2nd generation orchard was also not found. 【Conclusion】 The 2nd generation seed orchard of C. lanceolata in State-Owned Forestry Farm of Hongya has rich genetic diversity, and the genetic diversity of the 2.5th generation seed orchard did not decrease significantly as well, which could guarantee the seed quality and genetic gain in the future. Since the genetic structure of the mother tree clones in the seed orchard is relatively consistent, some good genetic materials from other geographical provenances or ancient tree resources of C. lanceolata should be supplemented to increase the genetic differentiation to improve the genetic gain of the seed orchard during the construction of the 3rd generation seed orchard.

Key words: Cunninghamia lanceolata, seed orchard, genetic diversity, genetic structure

中图分类号: 

  • S722.8+3