四川大凉山东部蚂蚁物种多样性研究

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究四川大凉山东部的蚂蚁多样性规律。【方法】采用样地调查法对该区域的蚂蚁物种多样性进行调查;利用Estimate S9.1.0程序对数据进行处理,分析抽样的充分性;利用多样性分析方法分析蚂蚁群落的组成、物种多样性及群落相似性;用Pearson相关分析方法分析蚂蚁物种多样性与植被的关系。【结果】在大凉山东部8个垂直带上共采获蚂蚁35 630头,经鉴定隶属6亚科43属136种。各样地蚂蚁群落个体密度2.0~399.8头/m²（平均值96.9头/m²）,在各垂直带的北坡底域效应显著,而在南坡多域效应表现明显;优势度指数在各样地间变化较大,总体呈多域效应现象;多样性指数受坡向影响较大,北坡多表现为中域效应现象,南坡多表现为多域效应现象;相似性系数0.158 5~0.583 3（平均0.259 8）,处于中等不相似水平。【结论】纬度、坡向和海拔影响蚂蚁物种多样性。海拔是蚂蚁群落主要指标的决定因素,物种数目、个体密度和多样性指数总体随海拔升高而降低,但同时受坡向、气候和人为因素的共同影响。尽管各垂直带均已受到不同程度的人为干扰,但相似性系数仍然较低,表明不同垂直带蚂蚁群落间差异明显,具有较好的生态功能和保护价值。

关键词: 蚁科, 生物多样性, 群落, 垂直带, 四川

Abstract: 【Objective】 To reveal the diversity law of ant in eastern Daliangshan, Sichuan Province. 【Method】 Ant species diversity in the region was investigated by using plot sampling method. Estimate S9.1.0 software was used to process data and to analyze the adequacy of sampling. Diversity analysis method was used to analyze community characters, including community composition, species diversity and similarity. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between ant species diversity and vegetation feature. 【Result】 A total of 35 630 ant individuals were collected from 8 vertical zones in eastern Daliangshan, which belonging to 136 species, 43 genera and 6 subfamilies. Ant individual density was 2.0-399.8 heads/m² (average 96.9 heads/m²), the bottom domain effect was significant at the north slope of each vertical zone, and the multi domain effect was obvious at the south slope; the dominant indexes varied greatly among different plots, and the overall multi domain effect was obvious; diversity indexes were greatly affected by the slope aspect, the north slope showed mid-domain effect phenomenon,and the south slope mostly expressed multi-domain effect. The similarity coefficient was 0.158 5-0.583 3 (average 0.259 8), which was in the medium dissimilar level. 【Conclusion】 Ant species diversity was affected by latitude, slop aspect and altitude. Altitude was the determinant element of the main indexes of ant communities. The number of species, individual densities and diversity indexes decreased with the increase of altitude, which were influenced by slop aspect, climate and human factors. Although ant species diversity from all the vertical zones have been disturbed in some way from human activities, the similarity coefficient is still low, indicating that different altitudinal zones have significant differences among ant communities, which has good ecological function and conservation value.

Key words: Formicidae, biodiversity, community, vertical zones, Sichuan

中图分类号:

S718.7

韩秀, 徐正会, 张新民, 李彪, 翟奖, 李婷. 四川大凉山东部蚂蚁物种多样性研究[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2021, 39(6): 742-754.

HAN Xiu, XU Zhenghui, ZHANG Xinmin, LI Biao, ZHAI Jiang, LI Ting. Ant Species Diversity of Eastern Daliangshan, Sichuan Province[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2021, 39(6): 742-754.

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