四川农业大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 626-632.doi: 10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.05.009

• 作物学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同减源处理对套作大豆地下根瘤及地上植株生长的影响

王明玥, 李轲逸, 宋璐炘, 陈平, 雍太文*   

  1. 四川农业大学农学院/农业农村部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心,成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-21 出版日期:2021-10-30 发布日期:2021-11-01
  • 通讯作者: *雍太文,教授,博士,主要从事作物高产栽培及营养生理生态研究,E-mail:scndytw@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:王明玥,本科生。
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业(大豆)产业技术体系专项(CARS-04-PS18); 四川农业大学科研兴趣计划(2020056)

Effects of Different Source Reduction Treatment on Root Nodule and Plant Growth of Relay Strip Intercropped Soybean

WANG Mingyue, LI Keyi, SONG Luxin, CHEN Ping, YONG Taiwen*   

  1. College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Farming in Southwestern Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas/Sichuan Provincial Crop Belt Compound Planting Engineering Technology Research Center,Chengdu 611130,China
  • Received:2021-06-21 Online:2021-10-30 Published:2021-11-01

摘要: 【目的】 探寻套作大豆恢复性生长阶段中下部叶片供源对大豆结瘤及地上部生长的调控作用,为实现套作大豆增产增效提供参考及实践依据。【方法】 在玉米/大豆带状套作条件下,以单作大豆(CK)落叶时间作参考,在套作大豆始花期(R1)、始荚期(R3)、始粒期(R5)对植株中下部进行剪叶,总剪叶比例为全株的10% (A1)、30%(A2)、50%(A3)以及不剪叶处理 (A0)。研究中下部叶片数量的改变对根瘤生长发育及地上器官的影响。【结果】 ①与单作大豆相比,套作不剪叶(A0)处理下,根瘤的数量与干重显著增加105.9% 和106.5%,根瘤平均直径、叶片SPAD、叶面积及茎叶荚干重均降低,产量下降5.3% (P<0.05)。②各套作剪叶处理间,A1、A2、A3处理的地下部根瘤数量、平均直径、干重及地上部叶面积、各器官干物质重较A0显著降低,但地上部的SPAD差异不显著,产量下降8.1% ~12.9% (P<0.05)。【结论】 与单作大豆相比,套作大豆恢复性生长阶段的根瘤数量更多,地上部恢复性生长能力更强,使R7期叶片干重更高,产量差异不显著。各套作剪叶处理间,随叶片供源的减少,根瘤数量及平均直径降低,不利于地上部的恢复性生长,造成产量显著下降。

关键词: 套作大豆, 剪叶, 根瘤, 产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to provide reference and practical basis for the realization of yield increase and efficiency of intercropping soybean, the regulation effect of lower leaf source on soybean nodulation and shoot growth was explored in the restorative growth stage of intercropping soybean. 【Method】 Under the condition of maize/soybean strip intercropping, leaf cutting was carried out in the middle and lower part of the intercropping soybean (CK) at the first flowering stage (R1), the first pod stage (R3) and the first seed stage (R5), and the ratio of leaf cutting was 10% (A1), 30%(A2), 50%(A3) and no leaf cutting (A0) of the whole plant, according to the deciduous time of monocrop Ped soybean (CK). To study the effect of the change of leaf abscissae amount on the growth and development of aboveground organs and root nodules. 【Result】 ①Compared with monocultured soybean, the number of root nodules and dry weight were significantly increased by 105.9% and 106.5% in intercropping without leaf cutting (A0), while the diameter of root nodules, leaf SPAD, leaf area and dry weight of stem and leaf pod were decreased by 5.3% in intercropping (P<0.05). ②Compared with A0, the number, diameter, dry weight, leaf area of shoot and dry matter weight of root nodule in A1, A2 and A3 treatments were significantly lower than those in A0 treatments, but there was no significant difference in SPAD of shoot, and the yield decreased by 8.1%-12.9% (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Compared with mono-cropping soybean,the number of root nodules in the recovery growth stage of intercropping soybean was more, and the recovery growth ability of shoot was stronger, which resulted in higher leaf dry weight in R7 stage, and no significant difference in yield. With the decrease of leaf sources, the number and average diameter of root nodules decreased, which was not beneficial to the restorative growth of shoot and resulted in a significant decrease of yield.

Key words: soybean intercropping, leaf cutting, nodule, yield

中图分类号: 

  • S311