川西高山针叶林土壤酶活性对凋落物去除的响应

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.04.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解川西高山针叶林土壤酶活性与凋落物之间的相互作用关系,为该区域森林生态系统物质循环过程提供理论支持。【方法】以该地区典型的四川红杉-岷江冷杉针叶林为对象,通过凋落物去除控制实验,研究了凋落物去除的不同时期土壤碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）分解相关土壤酶活性及其化学计量比的变化特征。【结果】凋落物去除仅在第一年显著降低了多酚氧化酶的活性,在采样第二年显著增加了纤维二糖水解酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶的活性。采样时间对土壤C、P分解相关酶活性影响显著,而对N分解相关酶活性的影响不显著。在凋落物自然输入处理中,与采样第一年相比,采样第二年时酸性磷酸酶、纤维二糖水解酶和多酚氧化酶的活性显著降低,而β-葡萄糖苷酶和过氧化物酶活性则显著升高。同时,采样第二年的土壤酶化学计量比显著高于采样第一年。在凋落物去除处理中,采样第二年显著降低了酸性磷酸酶的活性,但纤维二糖水解酶活性显著提高。相关性分析显示,土壤含水量、全碳、全氮以及有效氮含量是影响土壤C、N分解酶产生差异的主要因素。【结论】在养分循环较慢的川西高山地区,短期凋落物去除对土壤酶活性的影响较为缓慢,微生物代谢呈现出一定的养分限制,并随着凋落物去除时间的增加微生物代谢呈现出由磷限制向氮限制转化的趋势。关于凋落物与土壤生态过程之间的相互作用还有待进一步长期研究。

关键词: 高山森林, 凋落物去除, 土壤酶活性, 生态酶化学计量

Abstract: 【Objective】 To understand the interaction between soil enzyme activity and litter in the alpine coniferous forest of Western Sichuan and to provide theoretical support for the material cycle process of forest ecosystem in this region. 【Method】 Taking the typical Larix mastersiana-Abies faxoniana coniferous forest as the object, the soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and Phosphorus (P) decomposition-related enzymes and its stoichiometric ratio of different periods were studied through the litter removal experiment. 【Result】 The results showed that litter removal significantly reduced the activity of polyphenol oxidase in the first year of sampling, and significantly increased the activities of cellobiohydrolase and leucine aminopeptidase in the second year of sampling. Sampling time significantly affected the activities of soil C and P decomposition-related enzymes but didn't affect the activities of N decomposition-related enzymes. In the litter input plots, the activities of acid phosphatase, cellobiohydrolase, and polyphenol oxidase were significantly decreased in the second year of sampling compared with the first year of sampling, while β-glucosidase and peroxide enzyme activities were significantly increased. At the same time, the stoichiometric ratio of soil enzymes in the second year of sampling was significantly higher than that in the first year of sampling. In the litter removal plots, the acid phosphatase activity was significantly decreased in the second year of sampling, but the cellobiohydrolase activity was significantly increased. Correlation analysis showed that soil water content, total carbon, total nitrogen, and available nitrogen content are the main factors that affect the soil C and N decomposing-related enzymes. 【Conclusion】 In the Western Sichuan alpine region where nutrient cycling is slow, short-term litter removal treatment slightly affected soil enzyme activities, and microbial metabolism showed nutrient limitation to a certain extent. With the increase of litter removal time, microbial metabolism showed a trend of conversion from phosphorus limitation to nitrogen limitation. The interaction between litter and soil ecological processes needs further long-term study.

Key words: alpine forest, litter removal, soil enzyme activity, enzyme stoichiometry

中图分类号:

S718.5

焦泽彬, 陈子豪, 刘谣, 谭波, 李晗, 游成铭, 王丽霞, 刘思凝, 徐振锋, 张丽. 川西高山针叶林土壤酶活性对凋落物去除的响应[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2021, 39(4): 504-511.

JIAO Zebin, CHEN Zihao, LIU Yao, TAN Bo, LI Han, YOU Chengming, WANG Lixia, LIU Sining, XU Zhenfeng, ZHANG Li. Responses of Soil Enzyme Activities to Litter Removal in Alpine Coniferous Forest of Western Sichuan[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2021, 39(4): 504-511.

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