8种竹叶夏季挥发性成分特征

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2021.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】中国的竹类旅游资源丰富,为了比较该区域不同类型竹种竹叶BVOCs相对含量、排放种类及其差异性。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用法（HS-SPME-GC-MS）对中国常见大中型竹种竹叶进行检测。【结果】从8种竹叶中共鉴定出105种化合物,共有的BVOCs有20种,主要成分为醇类、醛类和酯类,这3种类型化合物的平均值分别为58.61%,21.21%和8.25%,其中8种竹叶相对含量最高的化合物为叶醇,平均占总BVOCs的38.89%。同时用聚类分析与主成分分析法发现8种竹叶的BVOCs存在相似性与差异性,苦竹（Pleioblastus amarus （Keng） keng f.）和雷竹（Phyllostachys praecox C. D. Chu et C. S. Chao f. prevernalis S. Y. Chen et C. Y. Yao）、紫竹（Phyllostachys nigra （Lodd. ex Lindl.） Munro）、吊丝球竹（Dendrocalamopsis beecheyana （Munro） Keng f.）、斑竹（Phyllostachys bambusoida Sieb. et Zucc. f. lacrima-deae Keng f. et Wen）较为相似,聚为一类,硬头黄竹（Bambusa rigida Keng et Keng f.）和梁山慈竹（Dendrocalamus. farinosus （Keng et Keng f.） Chia et H.L.Fung）较为相似,聚为一类,而慈竹（Neosinocalamus affinis （Rendle） Keng f.）为最特殊的一类。【结论】8种竹叶相对含量最高的化合物都为具有青草香味的叶醇,因此它们都具有一定的保健功效。并且8种竹叶的BVOCs可分为3类,其中梁山慈竹和硬头黄竹拥有最多具有清香味的化合物（乙酸叶醇酯、1-辛烯-3-醇）,而慈竹拥有最多具保健功效的特有成分（月桂烯,（E）-B-罗勒烯,樟脑等）,因此这3个竹种在竹林康养旅游开发方面具有更高的开发的潜力。

关键词: BVOCs, 风景竹林, 顶空固相微萃取-气质联用法, 夏季, 竹林旅游

Abstract: 【Objective】 China is rich in bamboo tourism resources. In order to compare the relative content, emission types and differences of BVOCs in bamboo leaves of different bamboo species in this region. 【Method】 In this study, headspace solid phase microextraction GC-MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to detect bamboo leaves of common large and medium-sized bamboo species in China. 【Result】 The results show: a total of 105 compounds were identified from 8 kinds of bamboo leaves, and 20 kinds of BVOCs were jointly possessed. The main components of BVOCs are alcohols, aldehydes and esters, and the average value of these three types of compounds is 58.61%, 21.21% and 8.25% respectively. Among them, the eight compounds with the highest content of bamboo leaves are leaf alcohol, which accounts for the average total BVOCs of 38.89%. At the same time with clustering analysis and principal component analysis found that eight bamboo of BVOCs have similarities and differences, Pleioblastus amarus (Keng) keng f. and Phyllostachys praecox C. D. Chu et C. S. Chao f. prevernalis S. Y. Chen et C. Y. Yao, Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Munro, Dendrocalamopsis beecheyana (Munro) Keng f. and Phyllostachys bambusoida Sieb. et Zucc. f. lacrima-deae Keng f. et Wen is relatively similar, get together for a class, Bambusa rigida Keng et Keng f. and Dendrocalamus.farinosus (Keng et Keng f.) Chia et H.L.Fung is relatively similar, get together for a class, while Neosinocalamus affinis (Rendle) Keng f. is the most special category. 【Conclusion】The eight compounds with the highest relative content in bamboo leaves are all leaf alcohol with grass fragrance, so they all have health benefits. The BVOCs of 8 kinds of bamboo leaves can be divided into 3 categories. Bambusa rigida Keng et Keng f. and Dendrocalamus.farinosus (Keng et Keng f.) Chia et H.L.Fung have the most refreshing fragrance compounds ((3Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate, Oct-1-en-3-ol). Neosinocalamus affinis (Rendle) Keng f. has the most unique ingredients (β-myrcene, (E)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,3,6-triene, (R)-camphor,etc) with the most health benefits, so these three bamboo species have a higher development potential in the development of bamboo forest health and tourism.

Key words: BVOCs, scenic bamboo forests, HS-SPME-GC-MS, summer, bamboo forest tourism

中图分类号:

S795.9

杨钦, 王天星, 杨轶雄, 马明杨, 陈其兵, 吕兵洋, 江明艳. 8种竹叶夏季挥发性成分特征[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2021, 39(2): 180-190.

YANG Qin, WANG Tianxing, YANG Yixiong, MA Mingyang, CHEN Qibing, LYU Bingyang, JIANG Mingyan. Characteristics of Volatile Components of Eight Bamboo Leaves in Summer[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2021, 39(2): 180-190.

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