原料膨化和饲料调质制粒对肉兔生长性能、血清生化指标和屠宰性能的影响

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.03.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】选择肉兔颗粒饲料生产适宜加工方式,研究原料膨化和饲料调质制粒对肉兔生长性能、血清生化指标和屠宰性能的影响。【方法】试验采用2×2两因子设计,原料加工为膨化和未膨化,饲料调质制粒分为蒸汽调质制粒和无蒸汽调质制粒。选择体重相近的104只伊高乐肉兔（918.46 g±6.83 g）随机分配到4个组（每组13个重复,每个重复2只）。试验期35 d。【结果】①原料膨化显著提高肉兔前期（1~14 d）的平均日增重（ADG）达17.17%（P<0.05）,降低料重比（F/G）达16.01%（P<0.05）。蒸汽调质对肉兔生产性能无显著性的影响（P>0.05）。原料膨化且蒸汽调质组肉兔健康风险指数（HRI）显著低于原料未膨化但蒸汽调质组达64.71%（P<0.05）。原料膨化和蒸汽调质对试验后期（15~35 d）生产性能无显著影响（P>0.05）。②原料膨化和蒸汽调质处理显著提高肉兔血清总蛋白含量（P<0.05）,对血清血糖、甘油三酯和总胆固醇的含量及碱性磷酸酶酶活无显著影响（P>0.05）;膨化显著降低血清尿素氮含量（P<0.05）。③原料膨化和蒸汽调质对肉兔全净膛屠宰率、半净膛屠宰率,背最长肌中干物质、灰分和蛋白含量均无显著影响,也无互作效应（P>0.05）。【结论】原料膨化改善了饲料蛋白的利用,提高了肉兔断奶后前期生长性能;蒸汽调质制粒可提高饲料蛋白利用,但对肉兔生长性能和屠宰性能无影响。原料膨化且蒸汽调质制粒是兔料生产适宜加工方法。

关键词: 挤压膨化, 调质, 肉兔, 生长性能, 血清生化指标, 屠宰性能

Abstract: 【Objective】 The study aims to investigate the effects of raw material extrusion and steam conditioning on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices and slaughter performance of rabbit, and to provide a reference for suitable processing methods of meat rabbit feed. 【Method】 2×2 factor design was used in this experiment. Four experimental treatments were carried out with two raw material extrusion (extruded and no extruded popping,respectively) and feed conditioning (steam-conditioning and no steam-conditioning process,respectively ) under the same feed formulation. One hundred and four Hycole rabbits(918.46 g±6.83 g) were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups, with thirteen replicates in each group and two rabbits in each replicate.. The experimental period lasted for 35 d. 【Result】 The results showed as follows: ①The average daily gain (ADG) and the feed/gain (F/G ) of meat rabbits in the group of extruded raw materials were increased by 17.17% (P<0.05) and decreased by 16.01% (P<0.05) than those in no extruded raw materials group for phase 1(1-14 d), respectively. The growing performance of meat rabbits for all stages showed no significant differences between the steam conditioning group and no steam conditioning process group (P>0.05). The health risk index (HRI) of rabbits in the extruded raw material and steam-conditioning process group was significantly lower than that in the no extruded raw material but steam-conditioning process group (-64.71%) (P<0.05). Both extrusion of raw materials and steam conditioning had no significant effect on the growing performance in the later period (15-35 d) (P>0.05). ②The extrusion of raw materials and steam conditioning significantly increased the serum total protein content (P<0.05), and the content of serum urea nitrogen was lower in rabbits of the extruded raw material group than that of no extruded popping group (P<0.05). While the other serum biochemical indices, such as blood glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase, did not have significant differences among four groups (P>0.05). ③There was no significant effect of raw material extrusion and steam conditioning on carcass dressing percentage and the contents of dry matter, ash and protein in the longissimus dorsi muscle of rabbits (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 In conclusion,the extrusion of raw materials can improve the uti-lization of feed protein,and significantly improve the early growth performance of meat rabbits after weaning. The steam conditioning process can also improve the utilization of feed protein, but has no significant effect on the growth performance and the slaughter performance of meat rabbits. The extrusion of raw materials and steam conditioning are suitable processing method for rabbit feed.

Key words: extrusion, conditioning, meat rabbit, growth performance, serum biochemical index, slaughter performance

中图分类号:

S829.1

蔡景义, 廖阔遥, 田刚, 陈德林, 贾刚, 徐君. 原料膨化和饲料调质制粒对肉兔生长性能、血清生化指标和屠宰性能的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(03): 340-345.

CAI Jingyi, LIAO Kuoyao, TIAN Gang, CHEN Delin, JIA Gang, XU Jun. Effects of Raw Material Extrusion and Conditioning on Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Slaughter Performance of Meat Rabbits[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(03): 340-345.

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