喀斯特中度石漠化不同小生境的植物群落特征

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解喀斯特中度石漠化不同小生境的植物群落特征,为中度石漠化地区的植被恢复与重建提供重要理论基础。【方法】以贵州毕节鸭池中度石漠化生境为研究区,采用野外样地调查与室内分析相结合的方法,对区内典型小生境植物群落结构特征、物种组成及对小生境的资源利用进行研究。【结果】研究区主要有石面、石沟、石隙、石台、石洞、土面6种小生境类型,植物群落以灌木类占绝对优势,草本、乔木类次之,金花小檗、五节芒和铁仔等作为优势种存在。物种多样性从土面到石洞小生境逐渐趋于简单化,不同小生境下土壤理化性质和植物群落特征呈显著差异（P<0.05）,植物群落综合利用生境程度受各生境土壤容重及厚度、土壤有机质、有效氮和速效磷含量影响,不同小生境中物种多样性与植株生长特性受土壤容重、厚度、有机质和有效氮影响显著,与速效磷相关性不显著。【结论】研究区内土面与石沟小生境在石漠化生态恢复过程中可作为首选生境类型。

关键词: 中度石漠化, 小生境, 物种多样性, 群落特征

Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate plant communities characteristics of different microhabitats of karst moderate rocky desertification, and provide a important theoretical basis for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the area of moderate rocky desertification. 【Method】 This study took the moderate rocky desertification habitat of Yachi Bijie as the research area, and adopted the method of combining field investigation and laboratory analysis to study the structural characteristics of plant community, species composition and resource utilization of typical microhabitats in the area. 【Result】 The moderate rocky desertification area in Yachi Bijie mainly had served, stone surface, stone gully, stone crevice, stone slot,stone cavern, soil surface, such as 6 microhabitats types. In the plant community of this area, the shrub was the dominant species, the herbaceous and arbor species were next, and the Berberis wilsoniae, Miscanthus floridulus, Myrsine africana and other plants were the dominant species in the plant community. Species diversity was simplified from soil surface to stone cavern microhabitats. Soil physical and chemical properties and plant community characteristics under different microhabitats showed significant differences (P<0.05), the comprehensive utilization degree of plant communities was affected by the soil bulk density and thickness, soil organic matter, available nitrogen and available phosphorus contents. The species diversity and plant growth characteristics in different microhabitats were significantly affected by soil bulk density, thickness, soil organic matter and available nitrogen contents, and were not significantly correlated with available phosphorus contents. Species diversity was significantly correlated with habitat factors in the soil surface, stone gully and stone slot microhabitats, indicating that the plant community had a high degree of resource utilization and ecological efficiency in soil surface, stone gully and stone slot microhabitats. 【Conclusion】 The soil surface and stone gully microhabitats in the process of rocky desertification ecosystem restoration can be used as the preferred habitat types.

Key words: moderate karst rocky desertification, microhabitats, species diversity, community characteristics

中图分类号:

Q948.15

程晶, 刘济明, 熊华, 王灯, 李丽霞, 王姝. 喀斯特中度石漠化不同小生境的植物群落特征[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(03): 272-279.

CHENG Jing, LIU Jiming, XIONG Hua, WANG Deng, LI Lixia, WANG Shu. Plant Communities Characteristics of Different Microhabitats of Karst Moderate Rocky Desertification[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(03): 272-279.

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