浙江楠适生区与气候环境关系的分析

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】揭示浙江楠的适生区与气候水热指标的关系,为该物种的保护和引种栽培提供科学参考依据。【方法】通过野外实地调查和资料查询,利用植被-气候相互关系的指标和方法,包括Kira的水热指标Holdridge的生命地带分类系统指标,以及单一气候因子的年均温、年降水量、极端温度等,分析研究了浙江楠天然分布区格局与气候水热指标的关系,并通过主成分分析的方法确定影响浙江楠地理分布的限制性气候因子。【结果】结果表明：浙江楠的天然分布区出现在我国华东地区的浙江、福建、安徽和江西4省,水平分布范围为东经114°25'~121°43'和北纬24°28'~30°25'之间;最北端在浙江的安吉县,最东端在浙江的宁波地区,最西端在江西的崇义县,最南端分布地在福建的南靖县。浙江楠的垂直海拔多集中在300~700 m之间。浙江楠分布区的年均温、年降水量、Kira 温暖指数、Holdrige生物温度的最适范围分别为14.80~18.80 ℃、1 514.57~1 872.63 mm、120.44~164.70 ℃/月和15.05~19.12 ℃。而Kira寒冷指数、徐文铎湿度指数、Holdrige可能蒸散量和Holdrige可能蒸散率的均值分别为2.62 ℃/月、12.10、989.83 mm和0.59。按照Holdrige分类系统的中国情况分类,浙江楠属于亚热带湿润森林生命地带类型树种。主成分分析结果表明,影响浙江楠分布的气候条件由高到低依次为年均温度、水分和极端温度。【结论】浙江楠资源的保护与开发利用应首先考虑年均温、温暖指数和生物温度。

关键词: 气候因子, 水热指标, 主成分分析, 浙江楠, 适宜分布区

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to provide a references for the protection and introduction of Phoebe chekiangensis by exploring the relationship between suitable habitat of P. chekiangensis and its climatic environmental indexes. 【Method】 According to the combined methods of field sur-vey and-information-collection, geographical distribution data of P. chekiangensis and meteorological data in its distribution region were collected. Methods of vegetation-climate interaction were used in the present study, which included single meteorological factors (such as mean annual temperature, annual mean precipitation, and extreme temperature), Kira'hs water-temperature indices, Holdridge's life zone classification system, etc. The relationship between distribution pattern of P. chekiangensis and its climate indexes had been studied and discussed in natural area. Furthermore, the distribution limit factors of P. chekiangensis were analyzed by principal~component~analysis (PCA). 【Result】 Results indicated that P. chekiangensis mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces of China. Its horizontal distribution range is the area of east longitude 114°25'~121°43' and north latitude 24°28'~30°25'. Its northernmost and easternmost distribution boundaries locate in Anji County and Ningbo city of Zhejiang Province respectively, while its westernmost and southernmost boundaries locate in Chongyi County of Jiangxi Province and Nanjing County of Fujian Province, respectively.The vertical distribution elevation of P. chekiangensis is concentrated about 300-700 m. The optimum ranges of annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, Kiras warmth index and Holdriges biological temperature of P. chekiangensis in its natural area are 4.80~18.80 ℃, 1 514.57-1 872.63 mm, 120.44-164.70 ℃.month^-1 and 15.05-19.12 ℃, respectively. Moreover, mean Kiras coldness index, Xus humidity index, Holdriges potential evapotranspiration and Holdriges potential evapotranspiration rate are 2.62 ℃. month^-1, 12.10, 989.83 mm and 0.59, respectively. Based on the classification system of Holdriges, P. chekiangensis is~classified as a type of humid forest life zone in subtropics. The result of PCA shows that the most important limit factor for P. chekiangensis distribution is mean annual temperature, followed by water and extreme temperature.【Conclusion】 Factors such as mean annual temperature, Kiras warmth index and biological temperature should be primarily considered when protecting and cultivating P. chekiangensis.

Key words: climatic factors, water-temperature index, principal components analysis, Phoebe chekiangensis, suitable habitat

中图分类号:

Q948.2

谢春平, 吴显坤, 薛晓明, 南程慧, 刘大伟. 浙江楠适生区与气候环境关系的分析[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(03): 264-271.

XIE Chunping, WU Xiankun, XUE Xiaoming, NAN Chenghui, LIU Dawei. Analysis on Relationship between Suitable Habitat of Phoebe chekiangensis and Climatic Environmental Factors[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(03): 264-271.

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