镉暴露对蛋鸡钙沉积的影响

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.02.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】通过在蛋鸡玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中添加不同剂量的镉（CdCl₂）,考察镉暴露对蛋鸡钙沉积的影响。【方法】选取产蛋高峰期（40周龄）的健康粉壳罗曼蛋鸡150只,随机分为5个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只鸡。处理组镉剂量为0、10、30、50、70 mg/kg（CdCl₂）,试验期8周,采集鸡蛋,禁食12小时后翅静脉采血,取其胫骨、粪尿样品冷冻保存,测定蛋鸡血液、胫骨、粪尿、鸡蛋中镉（Cd）、钙（Ca）含量、蛋壳品质及胫骨强度。【结果】各处理组血液、胫骨、粪尿、蛋黄中Cd残留量随饲粮Cd添加量的增大呈线性增加（P<0.05）,蛋清镉残留量增加但不显著（P>0.05）,蛋壳Cd未检出;血浆中Ca含量差异不显著（P>0.05）,胫骨中Ca含量呈线性降低（P<0.01）,粪尿中Ca含量呈线性增加（P<0.01）,蛋壳中Ca含量无显著变化（P>0.05）;蛋壳厚度、蛋壳重、蛋壳比重在不同的Cd添加量下无显著变化（P>0.05）,蛋壳强度随Cd添加量增加而下降且差异显著（P<0.05）;胫骨中端强度无显著变化（P>0.05）,其他处理组胫骨两端强度低于0 mg/kg组但差异不显著（P>0.05）。【结论】在蛋鸡饲粮中添加不同浓度的Cd可引起血液、胫骨、粪尿、鸡蛋中Cd含量增加（蛋壳Cd含量过低未检出）,而Cd可能抑制了蛋鸡肠道Ca吸收,增加了粪尿中Ca排泄,导致机体Ca负平衡,最终导致胫骨中Ca下降。

关键词: 蛋鸡, 镉, 钙沉积

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was designed to investigate the effect of cadmium exposure on calcium metabolism in laying hens by adding different doses of cadmium (CdCl₂) to the hen-bean-type basal diet. 【Method】 150 healthy brown shell hens at the peak of laying (40 weeks old) were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, 3 replicates in each group, and 10 chickens in each replicate. The dose of cadmium in the treatment group was 0, 10, 30, 50, 70 mg/kg (CdCl₂). After 8 weeks, the eggs were collected. After fasting for 12 hours, blood was collected from the wing vein, and samples of tibia, feces and urine were frozen and preserved. and the cadmium (Cd), calcium (Ca) content, eggshell quality and tibial strength of the blood, tibia, feces and eggs of the laying hens were determined. 【Result】 The results showed that the residual Cd in the plasma, tibia, feces and egg yolk of each treatment group increased linearly with the increase of dietary Cd (P<0.05), and the cadmium residue in egg white increased but not significant (P>0.05); There was no detectable cadmium in eggshell. there was no significant difference in plasma Ca content (P>0.05), Ca content in tibia decreased linearly (P<0.01), and Ca content in feces increased linearly (P<0.01). But there was no significant change in calcium content in the eggshell (P>0.05). There was no significant change in eggshell thickness, eggshell weight and eggshell specific gravity when cadmium was added (P>0.05). The eggshell strength decreased with the increase of cadmium content and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The midpoint intensity of tibia was not obvious (P>0.05). In the other treatment groups, the strength of the tibia was lower than 0 mg/kg, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Adding different concentrations of cadmium in the diet can reduce the calcium content of the tibia in the laying hens, increase the excretion of calcium in the feces and urine, and lead to the negative balance of calcium in the body, which ultimately leads to the reduction of calcium in the tibia and the eggs.

Key words: laying hen, cadmium, calcium metabolism

中图分类号:

李浪, 张娟, 刘光芒, 王建萍, 林燕, 白世平, 张克英, 张军民, 赵青余, 吴彩梅. 镉暴露对蛋鸡钙沉积的影响[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(02): 219-224.

LI Lang, ZHANG Juan, LIU Guangmang, WANG Jianping, LIN Yan, BAI Shiping, ZHANG Keying, ZHANG Junmin, ZHAO Qingyu, WU Caimei. Effect of Cadmium Exposure on Calcium Metabolism in Laying Hens[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(02): 219-224.

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