四川盆地南缘不同海拔金佛山方竹林（Chimonobambusautilis）土壤化学计量及笋产量特征

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.01.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究不同海拔梯度金佛山方竹林土壤化学计量、笋产量特征及关系,阐明其对海拔变化的响应规律。【方法】选取四川盆地南缘古蔺县3种海拔梯度（1 400~1 600 m、1 600~ 1 800 m和1 800~2 000 m）金佛山方竹林为研究对象,测定土壤碳、氮、磷含量及笋产量,计算土壤生态化学计量特征。【结果】①随海拔升高,土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷含量呈增加趋势（13.03~65.35 g/kg,1.63~5.57 g/kg,0.2~1.27 g/kg）,全钾含量随海拔梯度升高呈先减少后增加趋势（12.69~19.90 g/kg）。依据全国第二次土壤普查养分分级标准,研究区土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量在高海拔地区含量处于高水平,而全钾在不同海拔分布均处于中等水平。②随海拔升高,土壤C/N、C/P和N/P均呈先增加后减小趋势（8.17~13.57,52.99~131.66,4.56~9.77）,不同海拔梯度间差异显著（P<0.05）,土壤化学计量特征较土壤养分含量对海拔变化的响应敏感,该区主要缺磷区域集中在低海拔地区,相对富磷区域集中在高海拔地区。③笋产量随海拔梯度升高表现为先减小后增加的趋势（496.88~1 966.88 kg/hm²）,笋产量与全磷、有效磷呈极显著正相关,与水解性氮呈显著正相关,与C/P、N/P呈极显著负相关,金佛山方竹林土壤磷含量是影响笋产量的主要因素。【结论】3个海拔土壤养分、土壤化学计量比和笋产量差异明显,1 800~2 000 m立地条件下笋产量较高,土壤磷含量对笋产量影响显著。

关键词: 海拔, 金佛山方竹林, 土壤养分, 土壤化学计量特征, 笋产量

Abstract: 【Objective】 The soil stoichiometry, bamboo shoot yield characteristics and relationship of different altitude gradients were studied, and the response regularities of altitude changes have to be clarified. 【Method】 Three kinds of altitude gradients (1 400-1 600 m, 1 600-1 800 m and 1 800-2 000 m) of Chimonobambusa utilis forest in the Gulin county of the southern margin of the Sichuan Basin were selected as the research objects. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) content and bamboo shoot yield were measured, and the characteristics of soil stoichiometry and shoot yield of different altitude gradients were analyzed. 【Result】①With the increase of altitude gradient, the content of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) increased (13.03-65.35, 1.63-5.57, 0.2-1.27 g/kg), and the total potassium content decreased first and then increased with the elevation gradient (12.69-19.90 g/kg) and the total potassium (TK) decreased first and then increased with the elevation gradient. ② With the increase of altitude gradient, soil C/N, C/P and N/P increase first and then decrease (8.17-13.57, 52.99-131.66, 4.56-9.77), and the difference between different altitude gradients was significant (P<0.05). The soil stoichiometry is more sensitive to the response of soil nutrient content to altitude changes. The main phosphorus-deficient areas in this area are concentrated in low-altitude areas, and the relatively phosphorus-rich areas are concentrated in high-altitude areas. ③The shoot yield decreased first and then increased with the increase of altitude gradient (496.88-1 966.88 kg/hm²). Bamboo shoot yield was positively correlated with TP and AP, positively correlated with AN and negatively correlated with C/P and N/P. Soil phosphorus content was the main factor affecting bamboo shoot yield in this study. 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in soil nutrients, soil stoichiometric ratio and shoot yield among the three elevations. The shoot yield was higher under 1 800-2 000 m site conditions, and the phosphorus content in soil had significant effects on shoot yield.

Key words: altitude, Chimonobambusa utilis forest, soil nutrient, soil stoichiometry characteristics, bamboo shoot production

中图分类号:

S724

戴晓康, 冯茂松, 黄从德, 毕浩杰, 赖娟, 刘雄, 高嘉翔, 白文玉. 四川盆地南缘不同海拔金佛山方竹林（Chimonobambusautilis）土壤化学计量及笋产量特征[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(01): 43-51.

DAI Xiaokang, FENG Maosong, HUANG Congde, BI Haojie, LAI Juan, LIU Xiong, GAO Jiaxiang, BAI Wenyu. Soil Nutrients,Eco-Stoichiometry and Bamboo Shoot Yield Characteristics of Chimonobambusa utilis at Different Altitudes in the Southern Margin of Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(01): 43-51.

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