华西雨屏区常绿阔叶林4种重金属的空间分布特征

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2020.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探讨自然群落中常见重金属分布格局,为环境治理功能型常绿阔叶林的构建奠定理论基础。【方法】以华西雨屏区典型常绿阔叶林不同生活型的5个优势乔木物种、3个灌木物种和3个草本物种为研究对象,分析其器官（叶、根、皮、枝和茎）常见重金属Cu、Zn、Cr和Pb的含量。【结果】①从生活型来看,草本叶片中Cu、Zn和Cr含量均显著高于乔木和灌木,且草本根系中Cu和Zn含量也显著高于乔木及灌木;Pb含量在不同生活型叶片和根系中均无显著差异。②相对于其他物种,水麻（Debregeasia orientalis）叶、皮、枝和茎中Cu含量相对较高,丛枝蓼（Polygonum posumbu）叶和根系中Zn含量相对较高,灯台（Bothrocaryum controversum）各器官Cu和Zn含量相对较低,而在灯台根系及皮中Cr和Pb含量相对较高,但喜树（Camptotheca acuminata）各个器官中Cr和Pb含量相对较低。【结论】同一群落中不同物种表现出对不同重金属富集或排异等不同的适应对策,在功能型常绿阔叶林的构建过程中可根据污染源类型选择合适物种进行配置,研究为环境治理功能型常绿阔叶林的植物配置提供了新的思路。

关键词: 生活型, 空间格局, 重金属分配, 常绿阔叶林

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the distribution pattern of common heavy metals in natural communities, which is of great significance to the construction of functional plant communities for environmental governance. 【Method】 Typical evergreen broad-leaved forest in rainy area of western China was taken as the research community, which included five trees species, three shrubs species and three herbal species. Then, the concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb) in these plant organs (leaf, root, bark, twig, steam) were analyzed. 【Result】①From the function groups, the concentration of Cu, Zn and Cr in leaves of herbals were significantly higher than that of trees and shrubs. Meanwhile, the concentrations of Cu and Zn in roots of herbals were significantly higher than that of trees and shrubs. But for the concentration of Pb, there was was no significant difference in leaves and roots of different functional groups.②From the plant species, the concentration of Cu in leaves, barks, twigs, steams of the Debregeasia orientalis and the concentration of Zn in leaves and roots of the Polygonum posumbu were higher than the other species. The concentration of Cu and Zn in all the organs studied of the Bothrocaryum controversum were lower than that of other species, but the concentration of Cr and Pb in roots and barks of the Bothrocaryum controversum were higher than other species. On the contrary, the concentrations of Cr and Pb in all the organs studied of Camptotheca acuminata were lower than other species. 【Conclusion】 Different species in the same community showed different adaptive strategies, such as enrichment or exclusion of different heavy metals. In the construction process of functional evergreen broad-leaved forest, suitable species can be selected according to the pollution source type for allocation. The study provides a new idea for the plant configuration of functional evergreen broad-leaved forest.

Key words: life form, distribution pattern, distribution of heavy metals, evergreen broad-leaved forest

中图分类号:

Q948.12

吴福佳, 游成铭, 朱亮, 宋会兴. 华西雨屏区常绿阔叶林4种重金属的空间分布特征[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2020, 38(01): 36-42.

WU Fujia, YOU Chengming, ZHU Liang, SONG Huixing. Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Four Heavy Metals in Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest in Rainy Area of West China[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020, 38(01): 36-42.

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