中国部分地区圈养丹顶鹤饲料中真菌毒素污染分析

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2019.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】了解目前圈养丹顶鹤饲料受到真菌毒素污染的现状,为预防和控制丹顶鹤饲料真菌毒素污染提供理论依据。【方法】抽样采集东北、华北、华东8家丹顶鹤饲养机构的62份饲料样品,采用高效液相色谱法测定其中真菌毒素含量。【结论】3个不同地区丹顶鹤饲料中AFB₁、DON、ZEN、T-2、OTA的平均含量分别为7.62、871.49、616.34、65.62和14.50 μg/kg。其中华东地区饲料中AFB₁的水平显著高于东北和华北地区（P<0.05）,东北地区饲料中T-2的浓度显著高于华北地区（P<0.05）。在污染率方面,3个地区DON和ZEN检出率较高,均达到85%以上。在混合污染方面,98.39%的被检样品中含有两种及两种以上毒素。东北地区含有全部5种被检毒素的饲料比例最高;华北、华东地区污染DON+ZEN+T-2+OTA的饲料比例最高。【结论】所有饲料样品中,AFB₁、DON、ZEN、T-2和OTA的污染率分别是43.54%、90.32%、93.55%、69.35%、74.20%。其中,AFB₁、DON、ZEN的超标率分别是3.23%、16.13%、41.94%,T-2和OTA没有超标。在混合污染方面,抽检的3个地区饲料均较为严重。

关键词: 丹顶鹤, 饲料, 真菌毒素

Abstract: 【Objective】 This survey was intended to analyze the contamination of mycotoxins in the feeds of captive red-crowned cranes. 【Method】 A total of 62 feed samples were randomly collected from 8 red-crowned cranes feed institutes which located at Northeast China, North China, and East China. The contamination levels of mycotoxins were determined by HPLC. 【Result】 The average amount of AFB₁, DON, ZEN, T-2, and OTA were 7.62, 871.49, 616.34, 65.62 and 14.50 μg/kg in the three areas, respectively. The AFB₁ in the mycotoxin-positive feed samples collected from the East China was significantly higher than the other two places (P<0.05). The T-2 in the samples collected from the Northeast China was significantly higher than that of the North China (P<0.05). In those three areas, the chance of the occurrence of DON and ZEN were higher than 85%. Among the 62 feed samples, 60 of them were contaminated by multiple mycotoxins, with the frequency of co-occurrence of toxins as equal to 98.39%. In the Northeast of China, the most majority of the feeds were contaminated by 5 mycotoxins. However, in the rest two places, the combination of DON+ZEN+T-2+OTA was the most common contamination. 【Conclusion】 In all samples, The rates of the detection for AFB1, DON, ZEN, T-2, OTA were 43.54%, 90.32%, 93.55%, 69.35%, 74.20%, respectively. The over-limit ratio of AFB₁, DON, ZEN was 3.23%, 16.13%, 41.94%, respectively, while the T-2, OTA were not observed to exceed the limits. The co-occurrence of mycotoxins was a serious issue in the mycotoxin-positive samples among the three regions.

Key words: red-crowned crane, feed, mycotoxin

中图分类号:

S858.9

刘大伟, 周用武, 费宜玲, 谢春平, 刘宏毅, 鲁长虎, 侯森林. 中国部分地区圈养丹顶鹤饲料中真菌毒素污染分析[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2019, 37(06): 868-875.

LIU Dawei, ZHOU Yongwu, FEI Yiling, XIE Chunping, LIU Hongyi, LU Changhu, HOU Senlin. A Survey of the Mycotoxins in the Feeds of Captive Red-Crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis) in Partial Areas of China[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2019, 37(06): 868-875.

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