小麦颖壳绒毛性状的驯化

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2019.06.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析普通小麦驯化过程中颖壳绒毛的演变趋势,并总结颖壳绒毛可能具有的功能。【方法】对二倍体（栽培一粒小麦、乌拉尔图小麦和节节麦）,四倍体（包括野生二粒小麦、栽培二粒小麦、圆锥小麦、硬粒小麦、东方小麦和波斯小麦）,六倍体（包括云南小麦、印度圆粒小麦、新疆稻麦、西藏半野生小麦、斯卑尔脱小麦、茹科夫斯基小麦、密穗小麦以及国内外育成品种或品系等）共2 537份材料的颖壳性状进行观察和鉴定。同时结合研究过程中的发现和文献报道,对该性状的功能进行总结。【结果】在827份二倍体和四倍体小麦中,颖壳绒毛出现的频率为2.18%;而在1 710份国内外六倍体小麦中,有7.37%的材料具有颖壳绒毛。其中,888份中国的地方小麦中,有10.25%属于颖壳绒毛材料,远高于中国育成品种的比例。此外,颖壳绒毛可能具有抗生物和非生物胁迫的功能。【结论】在普通小麦驯化过程中,颖壳绒毛可能遭到了淘汰,因此呈现下降趋势。

关键词: 小麦近缘种属, 小麦, 颖壳绒毛, 驯化

Abstract: 【Objective】 To analyse the domestication of glume hairiness in the breeding progress of common wheat and summarize the possible function of glume hairiness. 【Method】 The glume of 2 537 wheat accessions, including diploid wheat (Triticum monococcum, T. urartu and Aegilops tauschii), tetraploid wheat (T. dicoccoides, T. dicoccum, T. turgidum, T. durum, T. turanicum and T. persicum), hexaploid wheat (T. yunnanenses, T. sphaerococum, T. petropavlovishyi, T. tibetanum, T. spelta, T. zhukovskyi,T. compactum and the breeding cultivars or lines from China and abroad), were observed and identified. The possible functions of glume hairiness were summarized based on the observation in this and the previous studies. 【Result】 In the 827 diploid and tetraploid wheat, 2.18% of them exist glume hairiness, and 7.37% of the 1 710 hexaploid wheat of China and abroad are glume hairiness. In the 888 Chinese landraces, 10.25% exist glume hairiness, and this proportion is larger than that of Chinese cultivars. Furthermore,glume hairiness may have functions in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. 【Conclusion】 During the domestication of wheat, the glume hairiness was gradually lost and eliminated.

Key words: wheat related species, wheat, glume hairiness, domestication

中图分类号:

S572.1

罗伟, 刘家君, 丁浦洋, 邹亚亚, 李婷, 谢全, 马建, 兰秀锦. 小麦颖壳绒毛性状的驯化[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2019, 37(06): 743-754.

LUO Wei, LIU Jiajun, DING Puyang, ZOU Yaya, LI Ting, XIE Quan, MA Jian, LAN Xiujin. Domestication of Glume Hairiness in Wheat[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2019, 37(06): 743-754.

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