四川农业大学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (05): 663-669.doi: 10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2019.05.011

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信南高速公路边坡植物生态位及种间联结性

胡永歌1, 徐恩凯1, 陈延永1, 曹娓2, 田国行1,*   

  1. 1.河南农业大学林学院,郑州 450000;
    2.河南科技学院园艺园林学院,河南 新乡 453003
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-03 出版日期:2019-10-28 发布日期:2022-03-01
  • 通讯作者: *田国行,教授,博士生导师,主要从事高速公路路域景观生态和城乡绿地资源调控,E-mail:tgh0810@163.com。。
  • 作者简介:胡永歌,博士研究生。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省交通厅科技合作项目:高速公路景观的稳定性和可持续性研究(2014Z06); 河南省路域景观绿地资源整合提升和生态管控关键技术研究与示范(2015J02)

Niche and Interspecific Association of Plant Species on the Slopes along Xinnan Highway

HU Yongge1, XU Enkai1, CHEN Yanyong1, CAO Wei2, TIAN Guohang1,*   

  1. 1. College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;
    2. School of Horticulture Landscape Architecture,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,Henan,China
  • Received:2018-09-03 Online:2019-10-28 Published:2022-03-01

摘要: 【目的】高速公路边坡多以开挖出来的贫瘠生土和破碎岩石回填,土壤营养元素、有机质等普遍含量低,研究边坡植物在土壤养分梯度下生态位及其种间关系,对于理解边坡植被动态变化及稳定性具有重要意义。【方法】以沪陕高速(信)信阳-(南)南阳段为研究对象,在样地植被调查基础上,采用生态位测度、方差比率法(VR)、基于 2×2联列表的χ2检验、OI指数分析方法,对边坡19个植物种的生态位及种间联结性进行分析。【结果】在土壤养分梯度下,一年蓬、葎草、石竹平均生态位宽度较低,在边坡群落中处于劣势地位;而黑麦草、紫穗槐、高羊茅等平均生态位宽度较高,在边坡植被中处于优势地位。19个植物种总体联结性表现为不显著负相关,χ2检验和OI指数结果表明,负联结的种对较正联结的种对多。【结论】信南高速公路边坡植物生态位是物种对土壤养分利用的长期适应性结果,黑麦草、紫穗槐、高羊茅的重要值和生态位宽度都很大,生态适应能力强,对群落结构的变化起着重要作用。种间联结性研究表明,绝大多数边坡植物没有较强的相互依赖或竞争态势,物种分布具有一定独立性,但独立程度较低,边坡植被恢复仍然是一个长期而复杂的过程。

关键词: 高速公路边坡, 物种, 土壤养分, 生态位宽度, 种间联结性

Abstract: 【Objective】 Most of the slopes along highways were backfilled with excavated barren raw soil and broken rocks and the contents of soil nutrient elements and organic matter were generally low. It was of great significance to study the niche and interspecific relation of species on the slopes under soil nutrient gradient. This may be helpful to understand the dynamic changes and stability of vegetation on the slopes. 【Method】 The section of Xin (Xinyang)-Nan (Nanyang) of Shanghai-Shanxi highway was chosen for the study. Niche and interspecific connection of 19 plant species on the slopes were analyzed by vegetation survey,niche measurement,variance ratio method,χ2-test and Ochiai index based on a 2×2 contingency table. 【Result】 Under soil nutrient gradient, the average niche breadth of Erigeron annuus, Humulus scandens and Dianthus chinensis were relatively low and they were at a disadvantageous position on the slopes. While the average niche breadth of Lolium perenne, Amorpha fruticosa, Festuca elata were relatively high and they were at an advantageous position on the slopes. The overall correlation of 19 plant species showed no significant correlation. χ2-test and Ochiai index showed that there were more negative pairs compared to positive pairs. 【Conclusion】 Niche of plant species on the slopes along Xinnan Highway is a result of long-term adaptability. The important values and average niche breadth of Lolium perenne,Amorpha fruticosa, Festuca elata are relatively high. They have strong ecological adaptability and play an important role in community structure. Interspecific association shows that most slope plants do not have strong interdependence or competition. The plant species distribution is relatively loose with certain inde-pendent at low extent. Vegetation restoration on the slope along Xinnan Highway is still a long and complex process.

Key words: highway slope, species, soil nutrient, niche breadth, interspecific association

中图分类号: 

  • Q948.1