包被复合微量元素与常规微量元素对生长中期草鱼生产性能、消化吸收能力和肠道生长发育的比较研究

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2019.04.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】揭通过比较包被复合微量元素与常规微量元素对生长中期草鱼生产性能、消化吸收能力的影响,探讨包被复合微量元素在淡水鱼饲料中的添加效应及应用。【方法】选取平均体重266 g左右草鱼540尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,分别饲喂添加包被复合微量元素[0（基础饲料）、150、300、400和450 mg/kg]和常规微量元素（NRC,2011）的饲料8周。【结果】饲料中添加300 mg/kg包被复合微量元素组显著提高生长中期草鱼体增重、SGR、FI,全肠胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活力,前、中、后肠AKP、CK活力,前、后肠Na⁺,K⁺-ATP酶和γ-GT活力,前、中、后肠皱襞高度,肠重及肠道乳酸杆菌和芽孢杆菌数量（P<0.05）,而饵料系数、肠道大肠杆菌和嗜水气单胞菌数量显著降低（P<0.05）,且作用效果显著优于常规微量元素组（P<0.05）。【结论】与常规微量元素相比,包被复合微量元素能更有效地提高生长中期草鱼消化吸收能力,促进其生长。以SGR和FI为标识,生长中期草鱼（266~716 g）饲料中包被复合微量元素最适添水平分别为239.32和241.20 mg/kg。

关键词: 复合微量元素, 草鱼, 生产性能, 消化吸收能力, 肠道微生物

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the biological values of the coated slow-release multi-trace elements, and to determine the optimum supplementation level in the feed of freshwater fish. 【Method】 A total of 540 grass carp with initial body weight about 266 g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates each. Fish in 6 groups were fed adding coated slow-release multi-trace elements diets containing 0（basal diet）, 150, 300, 400 and 450 mg/kg coated slow-release multi-trace elements and adding trace elements diet（NRC, 2011）for 8 weeks, respectively. 【Result 】 The results showed that the weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, the activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, amylase, and intestinal weight, Lactobacillus, Bacillus in the whole intestine, and the activities of AKP and CK, and fold height in the PI, MI and DI, the activities of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase and γ-GT in the PI and DI were significantly increased, and the feed coefficient, Escherichia coli and Aeromonas were significantly decreased in fish fed the coated slow-release multi-trace elements diets（300 mg/kg）（P<0.05）; the effects of coated slow-release multi-trace elements on these parameters were better than trace elements（P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, the coated slow-release multi-trace elements is more effective than trace elements for improving the microecological environment of intestine, digestion and absorption capacities, and feed utilization, and then increasing growth performance of young grass carp. The optimum supplemental level of the coated slow-release multi-trace elements for young grass carp（266~716 g） base on SGR and FI is 239.32 and 241.20 mg/kg, respectively.

Key words: multi-trace elements, grass carp, growth performance, digestion and absorption capacities, intestinal microflora

中图分类号:

S963.16

胡凯, 陈康, 周小秋. 包被复合微量元素与常规微量元素对生长中期草鱼生产性能、消化吸收能力和肠道生长发育的比较研究[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2019, 37(04): 557-565.

HU Kai, CHEN Kang, ZHOU Xiaoqiu. A Comparative Study: Effects of the Coated Slow-release Multi-trace Elements and Trace Elements on Growth Performance, Digestion and Absorption Capacities and Growth Development in the Intestine of Young Grass Carp （Ctenopharyngodon idella）[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2019, 37(04): 557-565.

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