霸王岭自然保护区黑桫椤种群结构特征分析

doi:10.16036/j.issn.1000-2650.2018.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】黑桫椤为国家Ⅱ级重点保护植物,是真蕨中较古老的类群,对研究热带植物区系具有重要意义。为了掌握黑桫椤种群现状及预测种群的发展趋势,为其保护和管理提供科学对策,对海南省霸王岭自然保护区分布的黑桫椤种群进行了研究。【方法】选取3处典型的黑桫椤群落,根据黑桫椤种群的高度级结构,绘制种群年龄结构图和存活曲线,编制静态生命表,同时结合年龄结构动态变化指数和种群稳定性指数进行了分析。【结果】该区域黑桫椤种群年龄结构整体表现为正金字塔型,但由于小环境差异导致不同样方的种群年龄结构有较大区别。样方A和样方B的种群年龄结构以中低龄级个体占有较高的比例,而样方C以中龄级占有较高比例。年龄结构动态变化指数值在有干扰和无干扰的条件下均大于0,因此种群表现为增长型。静态生命表的各指标值显示,黑桫椤种群结构在样方A的要优于其他两个样方。种群存活曲线为Deevey-Ⅱ型。各样方的种群稳定性表现为样方A>样方C>样方B。【结论】霸王岭自然保护区内的黑桫椤为低增长性的稳定种群;对该种群的保护应结合各样方具体环境情况,同时以减少人为干扰和提升幼树幼苗的种群数量为主。

关键词: 黑桫椤, 种群, 生命表, 霸王岭自然保护区

Abstract: 【Objective】 Alsophila podophylla, as a second-class national protected wild plants in China, is one of archaic ferns, which has important implications for tropical flora research. To understand the status of A. podophylla population and provide better protection and management strategy, the population in Bawangling Nature Reserve ofHainan province was investigated in this study. 【Method】 Three typical A. podophylla communities were selected in this region, population characteristics of A. podophylla were evaluated based on height classification, age structure of demograph, stationary life table, survival curve, dynamic indices and Simpson index of dominance. 【Result】 The age structure of this population was a pyramid. However, the demograhic pattern was different among three plots as a result of environmental factor. There were more young and middle-age individuals in plot A and plot B, but middle-age individuals had higher proportion in plot C. The value of dynamic index was above 0 under interfering and non-interfering, indicating that it was an expanding population. Indices of stationary life table indicated that the population structure of A. podophylla in the A plot was better than other ones. The survival curve of A. podophylla was Deevey-Ⅱtype in three plots. The performance of population stability was plot A>plot C>plot B. 【Conclusion】 A. podophylla in Bawangling Nature Reserve was a slow-growing stable population. The main conservation strategy for A. podophylla should considere environmental factors; moreover, both increasing seedings and reducing human activities should be considered.

Key words: Alsophila podophylla Hook, population, stationary life table, Bawangling Nature Reserve

中图分类号:

S718.54

谢春平, 赵柏松, 刘大伟, 方彦. 霸王岭自然保护区黑桫椤种群结构特征分析[J]. 四川农业大学学报, 2018, 36(06): 765-771.

XIE Chunping, ZHAO Baisong, LIU Dawei, FANG Yan. Study on the Population Structure of Alsophila podophylla Hook. in Bawangling Nature Reserve[J]. Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University, 2018, 36(06): 765-771.

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