关键词: 菜地土壤, 重金属污染, 生态危害评价, 贵阳

Abstract: [Objective] The aim of the study was to explore the harm of heavy metal pollution and ecological potential in the vegetable soils of Guiyang suburb. [Method] Huaxi district of Guiyang city was selected as the research area. 50 soil samples were collected in the area, then Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu and other elements in soils were determined by potential ecological hazard index method and potential ecological risk assessment. [Results] ① The heavy metal pollution degree of most soils were cleaning Ⅰ and pollution Ⅱ in the vegetable soils of Guiyang suburb. It basically did not affect human health through the food chain, such as vegetables. From a regional perspective, the lowest pollution degree was Qiantao village but relatively high degree of pollution was Yanlou village. From a single element, Pb pollution degree was the lowest while Zn pollution degree was the highest. ② There were relatively safe of soil heavy metal potential ecological risk index(E_rⁱ/RI) in the vegetable soils of Guiyang suburb, mostly in the minor ecological harm I; From the potential ecological hazard index(E_rⁱ) value of single element, maximum potential hazard index was Cd. From the comprehensive potential ecological hazard index(RI) value, the comprehensive potential ecological risk index(RI) of the four towns were all less than 150. In the slight ecological harm I, the basic will not affect the local ecological environment. [Conclusion] Soil heavy metals Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu pollution level is relatively low in the vegetable soils of Guiyang suburb. The potential ecological hazards was in the controllable range and they will not affect the local vegetable planting and ecological environment.

Key words: soil, heavy metal pollution, ecological risk assessment, Guiyang