关键词: 草莓, 枯萎病, 尖孢镰刀菌, 生物学特性

Abstract: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, a pathogen of strawberry Fusarium wilt is isolated from strawberry in Sichuan, China. For the growth and spore production of F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, the best medium is PSA, the optimum temperature is 25~30 ℃ and the optimum pH is 4~6. Whole light promotes spore formation. The pathogen can make use of many kinds of carbohydrates, and malt sugar is the best C source and lactose the poorest. Yeast extract is the best N source while carbamide is the poorest. For spore germination of the pathogen, the optimum temperature and relative humidity(RH) are 20~30 ℃ and 90%~100%, respectively, and the best condition is 28 ℃ and in drops of water. The spores fail to germinate at temperatures higher than 40 ℃ or lower than 5 ℃ and at an RH of <90%. The optimum pH for spore germination is in the range of 4~6, and the spores fail to germinate at pH higher than 8. Light is favorable for spore germination. For spore germination of the pathogen, the best C source is lactose and N source is beef extract.

Key words: strawberry, Fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, biological characteristics