关键词: 野生二粒小麦, 普通小麦, 高分子谷蛋白亚基, 1Ay

Abstract: One hundred and thirty-three wild emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) wheat accessions from Israel were analyzed by SDS-PAGE to detect the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) variations. Eighteen known subunits were observed on Glu-A1 and Glu-B1. Subunits 1, 2^* on Glu-A1 and subunits 7+8, 17+18 on Glu-B1, which occurred in 79 (59.4%) and 18 (13.5%) accessions respectively, had the quality effect at 3 score. And considerable special subunits, such as 1^*, 7^*+9, 17+18, 7^*+8^*, 7+8^*, 7+9^* and 7^*+8 which were few or silent in hexaploid wheat, were found in the wild emmers wheat. Especially, 9 subunits, which had not been named, were also observed in 22 accessions. The results suggest that the high level of genetic variations of HMW-GS are in T.dicoccoides. The expression of subunits is to some extent associated with the distribution of T.dicoccoides. And the subunit 1Ay is detected in the F₂ population derived from the cross between wild emmer wheat with 1Ay and common wheat cultivar Chuan Nong 16, indicating that special HMW-GS of T.dicoccoides like 1Ay could be transferred into common wheat. It is very important to enrich the genetic basis of quality in common wheat and improve the breadmaking quality of common wheat.

Key words: Triticum dicoccoides, common wheat, high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, 1Ay