关键词: 小麦, 穗发芽, 抗性, 遗传, 影响因素, 测试方法

Abstract: Germination of intact spikes and seeds of 106 genotypes at 3 stages, germinations of intact spikes, threshed seeds and embryos of 7 genotypes with different tolerance at 6 stages were measured. It indicates that the maximum of germination rate occurs at varying stages for the 106 entries due to the difference of grain filling rate, physiological maturity and seed dehydrate. Germination of seeds and spikes reach their peak values at different stages along with grain filling, although the embryo's germination of all genotypes increases continuously. The sprouting tolerance of various genotypes is derived from the inhibition outside embryos. So, in genetic analysis on germination, the seeds produced by F₁ plants should be judged as F₁, not F₂. The sprouting is largely influenced by environments, to determine gene's numbers in F₂. The analysis by monosomic or ditelosomic plants could clarify the genetic base of genes controlling sprouting. It is difficult that the real difference in F₂ plants are determined once, so it is better that the stable lines tested for years are used in molecular marker. This paper also discusses about problems on testing methods of preharvest sprouting at last.

Key words: wheat, preharvest sprouting, tolerance, inheritance, affecting factor, testing method