关键词: 人工生物质结皮, 黄土山区, 公路边坡, 种子库, 生物多样性, 生物量

Abstract: [Objective] The aim of the study was to evaluate the application of artificial crust in the highway slope of loess mountainous area. [Method] In the highway slope of the Lvliang mountains,5 experimental groups (natural slope (T1),crust (T2),crust and fertilizer (T3),crust and seeds (T4),curst,fertilizer and seeds (T5))were set.Temperature and humidity of soil,rill erosion of soil and plant growth condition (plant emergence,coverage,Shannon weaver diversity index,Shannon wiener diversity index and the Pielou evenness index)were investigated. [Results] Compared with the natural slope,artificial crust increased soil temperature and humidity in Spring and maintained soil temperature in the rainy season.The temperature of crust was significantly lower than that of the natural slope at noon.Soil moistures of crust groups were significantly higher than that of natural slope throughout the day and T5 was the highest.The order of erosion degree was T5 < T4 < T3 < T2 < T1.It was possible that crust reduced the formation oferosion gully.Artificial crust improved soil seed germination rate and utilization efficiency of soil seed banks.The species diversity,evenness and fresh weight biomass of crust groups were higher compared to the natural slope.The aboveground fresh biomass of T5,T4,T3 and T2 was 2.44,1.99,1.95 and 1.68 times larger than T1. [Conclusion] Therefore,artificial biomass skin increased soil seed banks,biodiversity and coverage by improving soil temperature,humidity and stability.Thus,it could enhance the steady and greening of road slope in the loess mountainous area.

Key words: artificial biological crust, loess mountainous area, highway slope, soil seed bank, biodiversity, biomass